Due to resettlements, construction

Due to resettlements, construction of new infrastructure, and new land reclamation the rapid agricultural
changes in the Three Georges Area (TGA) in Central China are expected to force the degradation of
the cultivated terraced landscape. Consequently, increased soil erosion can hamper a sustainable land
management in the mountainous TGA. This paper presents the model framework TerraCE (Terrace Condition
Erosion) for determining the causes for different terrace conditions and terrace degradation based
on field surveys and spatial data mining. For a total of 987 bench terrace plots in the Xiangxi catchment
we collected data on their state of maintenance and terrace design to account for terrace stability
and thus capability of soil conservation. Assessing the driving factors of terrace degradation was done
by embedding terrain-based predictors and distance-transforms of remote-sensing data as indicators of
environmental and anthropogenic influences. Random forests classification and regression models were
applied for data mining. Terrace degradation in the Xiangxi catchment is obvious. The sequence of degradation
ranges from ‘well maintained’ (21%), ‘fairly maintained’ (44%), and ‘partially collapsed’ (23%) to
‘completely collapsed’ (11%) terraces. The cross-validation error of the supervised TerraCE model is below
8%, allowing for reasonable and valid interpretations of the causes of terrace degradation. Data mining
reveals indicators for anthropogenic effects such as the distance to settlements or to roads as major drivers
for the spatial distribution of terrace conditions. The effect of relief, which can be regarded as the major
natural driver for terrace degradation by erosive action is tributary but altered and overlaid by land use
dynamics associated with the Three Gorges Dam. An important indicator representing a combined effect
of terrain and human activity is the distance to stream channels of different orders. Applying TerraCE
we reveal mechanisms of terrace degradation in disturbed environments and present a framework for
standardized mapping and analysis of terrace degradation under cultivation. The approach might also be
used to develop guidelines for terrace planning in mountainous terraced landscapes of limited carrying
capacity, with respect to socio-economic as well as environmental conditions.

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

Due to resettlements, Construction of New Infrastructure, Land Reclamation and the New Agricultural Rapid
changes in the Three Georges Area (TGA) in Central China are expected to Force the degradation of
the cultivated terraced Landscape. Consequently, Increased soil erosion hamper Can a Sustainable Land
Management in the mountainous TGA. This Paper Presents the Model Framework Terrace (Terrace condition Condition
Erosion) for determining the causes for different conditions Terrace and Terrace degradation based
on Spatial Data Mining and Surveys field. For a total of 987 plots Bench Terrace in the Xiangxi catchment
we Collected Data on their State of Maintenance and Design Terrace Terrace to Account for stability
and thus capability of soil Conservation. Driving factors of Terrace assessing the degradation was done
by embedding terrain-based predictors of Remote-sensing and Distance-transforms Data as indicators of
Environmental and anthropogenic influences. Random Classification and regression models were forests
for Applied Data Mining. Terrace degradation in the Xiangxi catchment is obvious. Sequence of the degradation
Ranges from 'well maintained' (21%), 'fairly maintained' (44%), and 'partially collapsed' (23%) to
'completely collapsed' (11%) terraces. The cross-validation of the Error Model is supervised Terrace Below
8%, allowing for reasonable interpretations of the causes of Terrace and Valid degradation. Data Mining
reveals indicators for anthropogenic effects such as the Distance to Settlements or to roads as Major Drivers
for the Spatial Distribution of Terrace conditions. Effect of the relief, which Can be regarded as the Major
Driver for Terrace Natural degradation by Erosive Action tributary but is Altered Land use and overlaid by
the Three Gorges Dam Dynamics associated with. An important Indicator representing a combined Effect
of terrain and Human Activity is the Distance to Stream Channels of different orders. Terrace applying
we Reveal Mechanisms of degradation in Terrace Disturbed environments and present a Framework for
Mapping and Analysis of standardized Terrace degradation under cultivation. Might also be the approach
used to develop guidelines for planning in mountainous Terrace terraced Landscapes Limited of carrying
capacity, with respect to Socio-Economic as well as Environmental conditions.