SUMMARY Low cost cellulosic wastes

SUMMARY
Low cost cellulosic wastes like paper sludge, municipal wastes, solid wastes from food,
packing etc. contain a high amount of cellulose which can be converted to bioethanol by
two steps: (1) solubilization of cellulosic fibers to monosaccharides (2) conversion of
monosachharides to bioethanol via fermentation. At present the implementation of this
technology has been deterred by high cost for enzymes. Enzymatic hydrolysis of
cellulosic fibers shows a biphasic behavior with an initial fast step followed by a slow
step leading to low cellulose conversion rates. Low hydrolytic conversion rates
necessitate the use of a high enzyme dosage to obtain meaningful cellulose conversion
rates which make the implementation of this entire technology economically infeasible.
The objective of this study is to get a better understanding of the mechanism of
enzymatic hydrolysis of fibers to glucose and to investigate the effect of cationic
polymers on enzymatic hydrolysis rates. To achieve the first objective, we performed
experiments so as to study changes in morphological and physiochemical properties like
fiber length, percentage of fines, crystallinity index, kink angle, kink index, mean curl,
total organic carbon and glucose production with time. We used bleached kraft softwood,
hardwood, and unbleached softwood fiber as cellulosic substrate and pergalase as
cellulase enzyme. All of the experiments were carried out at experimental conditions of a
temperature of 50 .C and a pH of 5.0 which maximize enzymatic activity. We studied the
impact of recycling and refining on hydrolysis rates by measuring total organic carbon
and glucose production. We found that refining increases enzymatic conversion rates by
about as much as 20 %, however refining being energy intensive makes its

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

SUMMARY
Low cost cellulosic wastes like sludge Paper, Municipal wastes, wastes from Solid Food,
Packing etc. contain a High amount of cellulose which Can be converted to bioethanol by
Two steps: (1) Solubilization of cellulosic fibers to monosaccharides (2) conversion of.
monosachharides to bioethanol via fermentation. At present the implementation of this
Technology has been deterred by High cost for enzymes. Enzymatic hydrolysis of
cellulosic fibers shows a biphasic behavior with an Initial Step fast followed by a Slow
Step Leading to low Rates cellulose conversion. Low hydrolytic conversion Rates
necessitate the use of a High enzyme dosage to obtain meaningful cellulose conversion
Rates which Make the implementation of this entire Technology economically infeasible.
The Objective of this Study is to Get a better understanding of the mechanism of
enzymatic hydrolysis of fibers to glucose. Investigate the Effect of cationic and to
enzymatic hydrolysis Rates on Polymers. First to Achieve the Objective, we performed
experiments so as to Study and morphological changes in physiochemical properties like
fiber Length, percentage of Fines, crystallinity index, Angle kink, kink index, Mean Curl,
total carbon Organic Production and glucose with time. We used bleached Kraft Softwood,
hardwood, and Unbleached Softwood fiber as cellulosic substrate and Pergalase as
cellulase enzyme. All of the experiments were carried out at Experimental conditions of a
Temperature of 50 .c and a pH of 5.0 which Maximize enzymatic Activity. We studied the
Impact of Recycling and Refining Rates on hydrolysis by measuring total carbon Organic
Production and glucose. Found that we Refining increases by enzymatic conversion Rates
About as much as 20%, however Refining Energy intensive Makes its being.

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 3:

SUMMARY
Low cost cellulosic wastes like paper, wastes sludge municipal, wastes from, solid food
packing etc. Contain. A high amount of cellulose which can be converted to bioethanol by
two steps: (1) solubilization of cellulosic fibers to. Monosaccharides (2) conversion of
monosachharides to bioethanol via fermentation. At present the implementation of this
.Technology has been deterred by high cost for enzymes. Enzymatic hydrolysis of
cellulosic fibers shows a biphasic behavior. With an initial fast step followed by a slow
step leading to low cellulose conversion rates. Low hydrolytic conversion. Rates
necessitate the use of a high enzyme dosage to obtain meaningful cellulose conversion
.Rates which make the implementation of this entire technology economically infeasible.
The objective of this study is. To get a better understanding of the mechanism of
enzymatic hydrolysis of fibers to glucose and to investigate the effect. Of cationic
polymers on enzymatic hydrolysis rates. To achieve the, first objective we performed
.Experiments so as to study changes in morphological and physiochemical properties like
fiber length percentage of fines,,, Crystallinity index kink angle kink index,,,, mean curl
total organic carbon and glucose production with time. We used. Bleached, kraft softwood
hardwood and unbleached, softwood fiber as cellulosic substrate and pergalase as
cellulase enzyme.All of the experiments were carried out at experimental conditions of a
temperature of 50. C and a pH of 5.0 which maximize. Enzymatic activity. We studied the
impact of recycling and refining on hydrolysis rates by measuring total organic carbon.
and glucose production. We found that refining increases enzymatic conversion rates by
about as much as 20%,However refining being energy intensive makes its.