All larvae were placed on an X-ray

All larvae were placed on an X-ray film and exposed
for approximately 60 s with soft X-rays using an EnrafNonius
Diffractis 581 X-ray generator (Delft, The
Netherlands) at 15 kV and 15 mA. Based on the Xradiographs,
the specimens were categorized as ‘nonlordotic’
(no abnormal calcification, no abnormal
vertebral curvature), ‘mildly lordotic’ (abnormal calcifi-
cation, no abnormal curvature) or ‘severely lordotic’
ARTICLE IN PRESS
Fig. 1. Specimens used for the present study. (a) sampling group 1
specimens, WAT38-S02 (top, no lordosis) and WAT38-S08 (bottom,
no lordosis). (b) sampling group 2 specimens, from top to bottom
WBT38-S05 (lordosis), WBT38-S06 (lordosis), WBT38-S13 (no
lordosis), WBT38-S17 (no lordosis). (c) sampling group 3 specimens,
from top to bottom WCT38-S07 (lordosis), WCT38-S13 (no lordosis),
WCT38-S15 (lordosis), WCT38-S19 (no lordosis). Arrows indicate the
center of the lordotic area.
Table 1
Individual specimens used for the present study
Specimen Sampling stage TL (mm) Lordosis Vertebrae scanned
WAT38-S02 1 28.0 No 11–19
WAT38-S08 1 27.3 No 15–22
WBT38-S05 2 34.6 Yes 12–18
WBT38-S06 2 35.5 Yes 12–19
WBT38-S13 2 36.4 No 13–19
WBT38-S17 2 35.8 No 13–19
WCT38-S07 3 46.6 Yes 12–17
WCT38-S13 3 47.7 No 15–19
WCT38-S15 3 45.7 Yes 13–18
WCT38-S19 3 40.9 No 13–18
Total length (TL) is indicated in millimeters. Vertebra number
(counting from rostral to caudal) is indicated for the micro-CT
scanned vertebrae. Total number of vertebrae was 25.
1240 S. Kranenbarg et al. / Journal of Biomechanics 38 (2005) 1239–1246
(abnormal calcification and curvature) (adapted from
Divanach et al., 1997). Subsequently, two specimens
categorized as non-lordotic and two specimens categorized
as severely lordotic were selected from each
sampling group to carry out the complete micro-CT
analysis described below (see Fig. 1). The total length of
the specimens was measured with vernier callipers
directly from the X-radiographs (see Table 1).

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

Placed on an all larvae were X-ray Film and exposed
for approximately 60 s with X-rays using an EnrafNonius Soft
X-ray Generator Diffractis 581 (Delft, The
Netherlands) at 15 kV and 15 mA. Based on the Xradiographs,
the specimens were categorized as 'Nonlordotic'
(no abnormal calcification ™, no abnormal
vertebral curvature), 'mildly Lordotic' (abnormal Calcifi-
cation, no abnormal curvature) or 'severely Lordotic'
ARTICLE IN PRESS
Fig. 1. Specimens used for the present study. (a) sampling Group 1
specimens, WAT38-S02 (top, no lordosis) and WAT38-S08 (bottom,
no lordosis). (B) sampling Group 2 specimens, from top to bottom
WBT38-S05 (lordosis), WBT38-S06 (lordosis), WBT38-S13 (no
lordosis), WBT38-S17 (no lordosis). (C) sampling Group 3 specimens,
from top to bottom WCT38-S07 (lordosis), WCT38-S13 (no lordosis),
WCT38-S15 (lordosis), WCT38-S19 (no lordosis). Arrows indicate the
Center of the Lordotic Area.
Table 1
Individual specimens used for the present Study
Specimen Sampling Stage TL (mm) lordosis vertebrae scanned
WAT38 S02-11-19 No 1 28.0
1 27.3 No 15-22 WAT38-S08
-S05 WBT38 2. 12-18 Yes 34.6
35.5 Yes 2 12-19 WBT38-S06
-S13 WBT38 13-19 No 2 36.4
2 35.8 No 13-19 WBT38-S17
-S07 3 WCT38 12-17 Yes 46.6
47.7 No WCT38-S13 3 15-19.
WCT38-S15 3 13-18 Yes 45.7
40.9 No 3 WCT38 S19-13-18
Total Length (TL) is indicated in millimeters. Vertebra Number
(Counting from rostral to caudal) is indicated for the Micro-CT
scanned vertebrae. Total Number of vertebrae was 25.
1240 S. et al Kranenbarg. / Journal of Biomechanics 38 (2005) 1239-1246
(abnormal curvature and calcification ™) (adapted from
Divanach et al., 1997). Subsequently, Two specimens
categorized as non-Lordotic and Two specimens categorized
as severely Lordotic were selected from each
sampling Group to Carry out the Complete Micro-CT
Analysis Below described (See Fig. 1). The total Length of
the specimens was measured with vernier callipers
directly from the X-radiographs (See Table 1).