The photovoltaic effect was first e

The photovoltaic effect was first experimentally demonstrated by French physicist A. E. Becquerel. In 1839, at age 19, experimenting in his father's laboratory, he built the world's first photovoltaic cell. Willoughby Smith first described the "Effect of Light on Selenium during the passage of an Electric Current" in an article that was published in the 20 February 1873 issue of Nature. However, it was not until 1883 that the first solid state photovoltaic cell was built, by Charles Fritts, who coated the semiconductor selenium with an extremely thin layer of gold to form the junctions. The device was only around 1% efficient. In 1888 Russian physicist Aleksandr Stoletov built the first cell based on the outer photoelectric effect discovered by Heinrich Hertz earlier in 1887.[2]
Albert Einstein explained the underlying mechanism of light instigated carrier excitation—the photoelectric effect—in 1905, for which he received the Nobel prize in Physics in 1921.[3] Russell Ohl patented the modern junction semiconductor solar cell in 1946,[4] which was discovered while working on the series of advances that would lead to the transistor.

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The photovoltaic effect was first demonstrated experimentally by physicist French A.E.Becquerel.In 1839, at age 19, experimenting in his father's laboratory, he built the world's first photovoltaic cell. Willoughby Smith first described the "Effect of Light Selenium on during the passage of an Electric Current" in an article that was published in the 1873 issue of 20 February Nature.However,It was not until 1883 that the first solid state photovoltaic cell was built, by Charles Fritts, who coated the semiconductor selenium with an extremely thin layer of gold to form the junctions. The device was only around 1% efficient.In 1888 Russian physicist Aleksandr Stoletov built the first cell based on the outer photoelectric effect discovered by Heinrich Hertz earlier in 1887. [ 2]
Albert Einstein explained the underlying mechanism of light instigated carrier excitation - The photoelectric effect - in 1905, for which he received the prize in Nobel Physics in 1921. [ 3] Russell Ohl patented the modern junction semiconductor solar cell in 1946, [ 4] which was discovered while working on the series of advances that would lead to the transistor.