Citizenship can be defined as "the

Citizenship can be defined as "the status of having the right to participate in and to be represented in politics." 1 It is a collection of rights and obligations that give individuals a formal juridical identity. T.H. Marshall, whose work has long dominated the debates about social citizenship, considered citizenship as "a status bestowed on those who are full members of a community. All who posses the status are equal with respect to the rights and duties with which the status is endowed." Historically the demands for citizenship rights emerged in response to the growing power of the modern state. It is the product of the development of the modern state in the direction of unitary internal sovereignty. Originally, the demand for citizenship involved the enjoyment of legal and political rights, but early in the twentieth century citizenship was redefined to include social or welfare rights. Citizenship is today considered to be the binding element of a national community and is an instrument and object of social closure. National citizenship draws boundaries between states. It is today one of the most powerful instruments of exclusion, every modern state identifies a particular set of persons as its citizens and defines all others as non-citizens, as aliens. At the same time, citizenship is an instrument of closure within states. A conceptual, legal, and ideological boundary between citizens and foreigners or migrants is established by every state. Every state discriminates between citizens and resident foreigners, reserving certain rights and benefits, as well as certain obligations, for citizens. Every state claims to be the state of, and for, a particular, bounded citizenry, usually conceived as a nation. In this sense, the modern nation-state is inherently nationalistic. Its legitimacy depends on its promoting the interests of a particular, bounded citizenry.2

Citizenship can be defined as "the status of having the right to participate in and to be represented in politics.". 1 It is a collection of rights and obligations that give individuals a formal juridical identity. TH Marshall, whose work has long dominated the debates about social citizenship, considered citizenship as "a status bestowed on those who are full members of a community. All who posses the status are equal with respect to the rights and duties with which the status is. endowed. " Historically the demands for Citizenship rights emerged in response to the Growing Power of the Modern State. It is the product of the development of the modern state in the direction of unitary internal sovereignty. Originally, the demand for Citizenship involved the enjoyment of Legal and Political rights, but Early in the Twentieth Century Citizenship was redefined to include social or Welfare rights. Citizenship is today considered to be the binding element of a National Community and is an instrument and Object. of social closure. National citizenship draws boundaries between states. It is today one of the most powerful instruments of exclusion, every modern state identifies a particular set of persons as its citizens and defines all others as non-citizens, as aliens. At the same time, citizenship is an instrument of closure within states. A conceptual, legal, and ideological boundary between citizens and foreigners or migrants is established by every state. Every state discriminates between citizens and resident foreigners, reserving certain rights and benefits, as well as certain obligations, for citizens. Every state claims to be the state of, and for, a particular, bounded citizenry, usually conceived as a nation. In this sense, the modern nation-state is inherently nationalistic. Its legitimacy depends on its promoting the interests of a particular, bounded citizenry.2.