This measure focuses exclusively on the direct impact of disasters;even though there are significant socioeconomic impacts
that are indirect in nature.Such indirect impacts can also be potentially long lasting (more discussion of this typology is available
in [2] and [6]). Current knowledge appears to indicate that these
impacts can indeed be long lasting [1], most adverse for the geographical areas directly impacted ,and that the magnitude of in-direct impacts may be a significant multiple of the direct adverse
impact (Figs. 1 and 2).