Vitamin C is a highly popular anti-

Vitamin C is a highly popular anti-oxidant and is a required component in the production of collagen, the tissue responsible for skin suppleness. Vitamin C has also been shown to help slow the production of "age spots" while providing some UV protection.

Origin: Vitamin C is usually manufactured via biotechnology from natural starting materials.

Formulating Tips: This form of vitamin C is very difficult to stabilise in an emulsion as it readily oxidises in the presence of air and water. It is also reactive with metals and can discolour formulations containing certain perfumes and salts. To help stabilise the formulation we suggest keeping the pH low, adding a chelating agent (such as EDTA or Sodium Phytate) and avoiding the use of iron oxide colourants. Simple fragrances such as pure essential oils may also be better than fragrant oils which contain a mix of ingredients, some of which may destabilise the vitamin. For a cosmetic cream as part of your anti-oxidant program we would suggest adding from 2-5% in conjunction with other, more stable forms of Vitamin C such as herbal extracts. We also suggest adding in another antioxidant in the form of Vitamin E, Rosemary or Olive Leaf Extract. Keeping the formulation pH in the acid region also helps

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Vitamin C is a highly popular anti-oxidant and is a required component in the production of collagen, the tissue responsible for skin suppleness. Vitamin C has also been shown to Help Slow the Production of "Age Spots" while providing Some UV Protection. Origin: Vitamin C is usually Manufactured via biotechnology from Natural Starting Materials. Formulating Tips: This form of Vitamin C is very difficult to stabilize in. an emulsion as it readily oxidises in the presence of air and water. It is also reactive with metals and can discolour formulations containing certain perfumes and salts. To help stabilise the formulation we suggest keeping the pH low, adding a chelating agent (such as EDTA or Sodium Phytate) and avoiding the use of iron oxide colourants. Simple fragrances such as pure essential oils may also be better than fragrant oils which contain a mix of ingredients, some of which may destabilise the vitamin. For a cosmetic cream as part of your anti-oxidant program we would suggest adding from 2-5% in conjunction with other, more stable forms of Vitamin C such as herbal extracts. We also suggest adding in another antioxidant in the form of Vitamin E, Rosemary or Olive Leaf Extract. Keeping the formulation pH in the acid region also helps.