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ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA: CAUSES AND TREAT
ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA:
CAUSES AND TREATMENT OPTIONS
What is enamel hypoplasia?
What does enamel hypoplasia look
like?
What causes enamel hypoplasia?
What are the treatment options for
enamel hypoplasia?
Breakdown adjacent Stainless steel
to composite filling. crowns.
Enamel hypoplasia (EH) is a defect in tooth enamel
that results in less quantity of enamel than normal.
The defect can be a small pit or dent in the tooth or
can be so widespread that the entire tooth is small
and/or mis-shaped. This type of defect may cause
tooth sensitivity, may be unsightly or may be more
susceptible to dental cavities. Some genetic disorders
cause all the teeth to have enamel hypoplasia.
EH can occur on any tooth or on multiple teeth. It
can appear white, yellow or brownish in color with a
rough or pitted surface. In some cases, the quality of
the enamel is affected as well as the quantity.
Environmental and genetic factors that interfere with
tooth formation are thought to be responsible for EH.
This includes trauma to the teeth and jaws, intubation
of premature infants, infections during pregnancy or
infancy, poor pre-natal and post-natal nutrition,
hypoxia, exposure to toxic chemicals and a variety of
hereditary disorders. Frequently, the cause of EH in
a particular child is difficult to determine.
Treatment options depend on the severity of the EH
on a particular tooth and the symptoms associated
with it. The most conservative treatment consists of
bonding a tooth colored material to the tooth to
protect it from further wear or sensitivity. In some
cases, the nature of the enamel prevents formation of
an acceptable bond. Less conservative treatment
options, but frequently necessary include use of
stainless steel crowns, permanent cast crowns or
extraction of affected teeth and replacement with a
bridge or implant.
ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA - TREATMENT OPTIONS
Treatment of teeth with enamel hypoplasia must be determined on an individual basis in
consultation with the child’s pediatric or family dentist. The following treatment options are based
on the available literature and the experiences of faculty members in our department and should be
adapted to meet the needs of each patient.
Treatment for posterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with minimal wear, you may apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. For mildly hypoplastic molars, place pit and fissure sealant on the occlusal surface.
- at 6 month re-evaluation, if sealant is lost, go to step 2
3. Remove demineralized enamel and restore with composite.
- at 6 month re-evaluation, if composite is lost, either replace using good isolation
techniques or go to step 3
4. Perform minimal reduction of tooth and cement a stainless steel crown
- evaluate clinically and radiographically as indicated
5. For permanent molars, stainless steel crowns are intended for temporary use only. These
teeth should be restored with a permanent cast crown in the late teen years or early
adulthood.
6. In cases where the first permanent molars are unrestorable or marginally restorable,
extraction prior to the eruption of the second molars may be a reasonable alternative.
Treatment for anterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with no wear, you may apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. If there are esthetic concerns, direct or indirect composite veneers may be bonded to the
affected tooth.
3. For permanent anterior teeth, composite or porcelain veneers or porcelain crowns may be
used.
References: Brook AH, Fearne JM, Smith J: Environmental causes of enamel defects. Ciba Foundation Symposium 205:212-221,
1997.
Koch MJ, Garcia-Godoy F: The clinical performance of laboratory-fabricated crowns placed on first permanent molars
with developmental defects. JADA 131:1285-1290, 2000.
Li RW: Adhesive solutions: report of a case using multiple adhesive techniques in the management of enamel
hypoplasia. Dent Update 26:277-287, 1999.
Murray JJ, Shaw L: Classification and prevalence of enamel opacities in the human deciduous and permanent
dentitions. Arch Oral Biol 24:7-13, 1979.
Quinonez R., Hoover R, Wright JT: Transitional anterior esthetic restorations for patients with enamel defects. Pediatr
Dent 22(1):65-67, 2000.
Rugg-Gunn AJ, Al Mohammadi SM, Butler TJ: Malnutrition and developmental defects of enamel in 2- to 6-year-old
Saudi boys. Caries Res 32:181-192, 1998.
Seow WK: Enamel hypoplasia in the primary dentition: a review. ASDC J Dent Child 58:441-452, 1991.
Silberman SL, Trubman A, Duncan WK, Meydrech EF: A simplified hypoplasia index. J Public Health Dent 50:282-
284, 1990.
Slayton, R.L., Warren, J.J., Kanellis, M.J., Levy, S.M. and Islam, M. Prevalence of enamel hypoplasia and isolated
opacities in the primary dentition. Pediatric Dentistry 23:32-36, 2001.
Witkop CJ, Jr.: Amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia revisited: problems in
classification. J Oral Pathol 17:547-553, 1988
CAUSES AND TREATMENT OPTIONS
What is enamel hypoplasia?
What does enamel hypoplasia look
like?
What causes enamel hypoplasia?
What are the treatment options for
enamel hypoplasia?
Breakdown adjacent Stainless steel
to composite filling. crowns.
Enamel hypoplasia (EH) is a defect in tooth enamel
that results in less quantity of enamel than normal.
The defect can be a small pit or dent in the tooth or
can be so widespread that the entire tooth is small
and/or mis-shaped. This type of defect may cause
tooth sensitivity, may be unsightly or may be more
susceptible to dental cavities. Some genetic disorders
cause all the teeth to have enamel hypoplasia.
EH can occur on any tooth or on multiple teeth. It
can appear white, yellow or brownish in color with a
rough or pitted surface. In some cases, the quality of
the enamel is affected as well as the quantity.
Environmental and genetic factors that interfere with
tooth formation are thought to be responsible for EH.
This includes trauma to the teeth and jaws, intubation
of premature infants, infections during pregnancy or
infancy, poor pre-natal and post-natal nutrition,
hypoxia, exposure to toxic chemicals and a variety of
hereditary disorders. Frequently, the cause of EH in
a particular child is difficult to determine.
Treatment options depend on the severity of the EH
on a particular tooth and the symptoms associated
with it. The most conservative treatment consists of
bonding a tooth colored material to the tooth to
protect it from further wear or sensitivity. In some
cases, the nature of the enamel prevents formation of
an acceptable bond. Less conservative treatment
options, but frequently necessary include use of
stainless steel crowns, permanent cast crowns or
extraction of affected teeth and replacement with a
bridge or implant.
ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA - TREATMENT OPTIONS
Treatment of teeth with enamel hypoplasia must be determined on an individual basis in
consultation with the child’s pediatric or family dentist. The following treatment options are based
on the available literature and the experiences of faculty members in our department and should be
adapted to meet the needs of each patient.
Treatment for posterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with minimal wear, you may apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. For mildly hypoplastic molars, place pit and fissure sealant on the occlusal surface.
- at 6 month re-evaluation, if sealant is lost, go to step 2
3. Remove demineralized enamel and restore with composite.
- at 6 month re-evaluation, if composite is lost, either replace using good isolation
techniques or go to step 3
4. Perform minimal reduction of tooth and cement a stainless steel crown
- evaluate clinically and radiographically as indicated
5. For permanent molars, stainless steel crowns are intended for temporary use only. These
teeth should be restored with a permanent cast crown in the late teen years or early
adulthood.
6. In cases where the first permanent molars are unrestorable or marginally restorable,
extraction prior to the eruption of the second molars may be a reasonable alternative.
Treatment for anterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with no wear, you may apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. If there are esthetic concerns, direct or indirect composite veneers may be bonded to the
affected tooth.
3. For permanent anterior teeth, composite or porcelain veneers or porcelain crowns may be
used.
References: Brook AH, Fearne JM, Smith J: Environmental causes of enamel defects. Ciba Foundation Symposium 205:212-221,
1997.
Koch MJ, Garcia-Godoy F: The clinical performance of laboratory-fabricated crowns placed on first permanent molars
with developmental defects. JADA 131:1285-1290, 2000.
Li RW: Adhesive solutions: report of a case using multiple adhesive techniques in the management of enamel
hypoplasia. Dent Update 26:277-287, 1999.
Murray JJ, Shaw L: Classification and prevalence of enamel opacities in the human deciduous and permanent
dentitions. Arch Oral Biol 24:7-13, 1979.
Quinonez R., Hoover R, Wright JT: Transitional anterior esthetic restorations for patients with enamel defects. Pediatr
Dent 22(1):65-67, 2000.
Rugg-Gunn AJ, Al Mohammadi SM, Butler TJ: Malnutrition and developmental defects of enamel in 2- to 6-year-old
Saudi boys. Caries Res 32:181-192, 1998.
Seow WK: Enamel hypoplasia in the primary dentition: a review. ASDC J Dent Child 58:441-452, 1991.
Silberman SL, Trubman A, Duncan WK, Meydrech EF: A simplified hypoplasia index. J Public Health Dent 50:282-
284, 1990.
Slayton, R.L., Warren, J.J., Kanellis, M.J., Levy, S.M. and Islam, M. Prevalence of enamel hypoplasia and isolated
opacities in the primary dentition. Pediatric Dentistry 23:32-36, 2001.
Witkop CJ, Jr.: Amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia revisited: problems in
classification. J Oral Pathol 17:547-553, 1988
0/5000
ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA:
CAUSES AND TREATMENT OPTIONS
What is enamel hypoplasia?
What does enamel hypoplasia look
like?
What causes enamel hypoplasia?
What are the treatment options for
enamel hypoplasia?
Breakdown adjacent Stainless steel
to composite filling. crowns.
Enamel hypoplasia (EH) is a defect in tooth enamel
that results in less quantity of enamel than normal.
The defect can be a small pit or dent in the tooth or
can be so widespread that the entire tooth is small
and/or mis-shaped. This type of defect may cause
tooth sensitivity, may be unsightly or may be more
susceptible to dental cavities. Some genetic disorders
cause all the teeth to have enamel hypoplasia.
EH can occur on any tooth or on multiple teeth. It
can appear white, yellow or brownish in color with a
rough or pitted surface. In some cases, the quality of
the enamel is affected as well as the quantity.
Environmental and genetic factors that interfere with
tooth formation are thought to be responsible for EH.
This includes trauma to the teeth and jaws, intubation
of premature infants, infections during pregnancy or
infancy, poor pre-natal and post-natal nutrition,
hypoxia, exposure to toxic chemicals and a variety of
hereditary disorders. Frequently, the cause of EH in
a particular child is difficult to determine.
Treatment options depend on the severity of the EH
on a particular tooth and the symptoms associated
with it. The most conservative treatment consists of
bonding a tooth colored material to the tooth to
protect it from further wear or sensitivity. In some
cases, the nature of the enamel prevents formation of
an acceptable bond. Less conservative treatment
options, but frequently necessary include use of
stainless steel crowns, permanent cast crowns or
extraction of affected teeth and replacement with a
bridge or implant.
ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA - TREATMENT OPTIONS
Treatment of teeth with enamel hypoplasia must be determined on an individual basis in
consultation with the child's pediatric or family dentist. The following treatment options are based
on the available literature and the experiences of faculty members in our department and should be
adapted to meet the needs of each patient.
Treatment for posterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with minimal wear, you may apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. For mildly hypoplastic molars, place pit and fissure sealant on the occlusal surface.
- at 6 month re-evaluation, if sealant is lost, go to step 2
3. Remove demineralized enamel and restore with composite.
- at 6 month re-evaluation, if composite is lost, either replace using good isolation
techniques or go to step 3
4. Perform minimal reduction of tooth and cement a stainless steel crown
- evaluate clinically and radiographically as indicated
5. For permanent molars, stainless steel crowns are intended for temporary use only. These
teeth should be restored with a permanent cast crown in the late teen years or early
adulthood.
6. In cases where the first permanent molars are unrestorable or marginally restorable,
extraction prior to the eruption of the second molars may be a reasonable alternative.
Treatment for anterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with no wear, you may apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. If there are esthetic concerns, direct or indirect composite veneers may be bonded to the
affected tooth.
3. For permanent anterior teeth, composite or porcelain veneers or porcelain crowns may be
used.
References: Brook AH, Fearne JM, Smith J: Environmental causes of enamel defects. Ciba Foundation Symposium 205:212-221,
1997.
Koch MJ, Garcia-Godoy F: The clinical performance of laboratory-fabricated crowns placed on first permanent molars
with developmental defects. JADA 131:1285-1290, 2000.
Li RW: Adhesive solutions: report of a case using multiple adhesive techniques in the management of enamel
hypoplasia. Dent Update 26:277-287, 1999.
Murray JJ, Shaw L: Classification and prevalence of enamel opacities in the human deciduous and permanent
dentitions. Arch Oral Biol 24:7-13, 1979.
Quinonez R., Hoover R, Wright JT: Transitional anterior esthetic restorations for patients with enamel defects. Pediatr
Dent 22(1):65-67, 2000.
Rugg-Gunn AJ, Al Mohammadi SM, Butler TJ: Malnutrition and developmental defects of enamel in 2- to 6-year-old
Saudi boys. Caries Res 32:181-192, 1998.
Seow WK: Enamel hypoplasia in the primary dentition: a review. ASDC J Dent Child 58:441-452, 1991.
Silberman SL, Trubman A, Duncan WK, Meydrech EF: A simplified hypoplasia index. J Public Health Dent 50:282-
284, 1990.
Slayton, R.L., Warren, J.J., Kanellis, M.J., Levy, S.M. and Islam, M. Prevalence of enamel hypoplasia and isolated
opacities in the primary dentition. Pediatric Dentistry 23:32-36, 2001.
Witkop CJ, Jr.: Amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia revisited: problems in
classification. J Oral Pathol 17:547-553, 1988
CAUSES AND TREATMENT OPTIONS
What is enamel hypoplasia?
What does enamel hypoplasia look
like?
What causes enamel hypoplasia?
What are the treatment options for
enamel hypoplasia?
Breakdown adjacent Stainless steel
to composite filling. crowns.
Enamel hypoplasia (EH) is a defect in tooth enamel
that results in less quantity of enamel than normal.
The defect can be a small pit or dent in the tooth or
can be so widespread that the entire tooth is small
and/or mis-shaped. This type of defect may cause
tooth sensitivity, may be unsightly or may be more
susceptible to dental cavities. Some genetic disorders
cause all the teeth to have enamel hypoplasia.
EH can occur on any tooth or on multiple teeth. It
can appear white, yellow or brownish in color with a
rough or pitted surface. In some cases, the quality of
the enamel is affected as well as the quantity.
Environmental and genetic factors that interfere with
tooth formation are thought to be responsible for EH.
This includes trauma to the teeth and jaws, intubation
of premature infants, infections during pregnancy or
infancy, poor pre-natal and post-natal nutrition,
hypoxia, exposure to toxic chemicals and a variety of
hereditary disorders. Frequently, the cause of EH in
a particular child is difficult to determine.
Treatment options depend on the severity of the EH
on a particular tooth and the symptoms associated
with it. The most conservative treatment consists of
bonding a tooth colored material to the tooth to
protect it from further wear or sensitivity. In some
cases, the nature of the enamel prevents formation of
an acceptable bond. Less conservative treatment
options, but frequently necessary include use of
stainless steel crowns, permanent cast crowns or
extraction of affected teeth and replacement with a
bridge or implant.
ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA - TREATMENT OPTIONS
Treatment of teeth with enamel hypoplasia must be determined on an individual basis in
consultation with the child's pediatric or family dentist. The following treatment options are based
on the available literature and the experiences of faculty members in our department and should be
adapted to meet the needs of each patient.
Treatment for posterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with minimal wear, you may apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. For mildly hypoplastic molars, place pit and fissure sealant on the occlusal surface.
- at 6 month re-evaluation, if sealant is lost, go to step 2
3. Remove demineralized enamel and restore with composite.
- at 6 month re-evaluation, if composite is lost, either replace using good isolation
techniques or go to step 3
4. Perform minimal reduction of tooth and cement a stainless steel crown
- evaluate clinically and radiographically as indicated
5. For permanent molars, stainless steel crowns are intended for temporary use only. These
teeth should be restored with a permanent cast crown in the late teen years or early
adulthood.
6. In cases where the first permanent molars are unrestorable or marginally restorable,
extraction prior to the eruption of the second molars may be a reasonable alternative.
Treatment for anterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with no wear, you may apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. If there are esthetic concerns, direct or indirect composite veneers may be bonded to the
affected tooth.
3. For permanent anterior teeth, composite or porcelain veneers or porcelain crowns may be
used.
References: Brook AH, Fearne JM, Smith J: Environmental causes of enamel defects. Ciba Foundation Symposium 205:212-221,
1997.
Koch MJ, Garcia-Godoy F: The clinical performance of laboratory-fabricated crowns placed on first permanent molars
with developmental defects. JADA 131:1285-1290, 2000.
Li RW: Adhesive solutions: report of a case using multiple adhesive techniques in the management of enamel
hypoplasia. Dent Update 26:277-287, 1999.
Murray JJ, Shaw L: Classification and prevalence of enamel opacities in the human deciduous and permanent
dentitions. Arch Oral Biol 24:7-13, 1979.
Quinonez R., Hoover R, Wright JT: Transitional anterior esthetic restorations for patients with enamel defects. Pediatr
Dent 22(1):65-67, 2000.
Rugg-Gunn AJ, Al Mohammadi SM, Butler TJ: Malnutrition and developmental defects of enamel in 2- to 6-year-old
Saudi boys. Caries Res 32:181-192, 1998.
Seow WK: Enamel hypoplasia in the primary dentition: a review. ASDC J Dent Child 58:441-452, 1991.
Silberman SL, Trubman A, Duncan WK, Meydrech EF: A simplified hypoplasia index. J Public Health Dent 50:282-
284, 1990.
Slayton, R.L., Warren, J.J., Kanellis, M.J., Levy, S.M. and Islam, M. Prevalence of enamel hypoplasia and isolated
opacities in the primary dentition. Pediatric Dentistry 23:32-36, 2001.
Witkop CJ, Jr.: Amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia revisited: problems in
classification. J Oral Pathol 17:547-553, 1988
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
ENAMEL hypoplasia:
Causes AND TREATMENT OPTIONS What is enamel hypoplasia? What does enamel hypoplasia Look like? What Causes enamel hypoplasia? What are The Treatment options for enamel hypoplasia? vote distribution Adjacent Stainless Steel to Composite Filling. Crowns. Enamel hypoplasia (EH) is A Defect in Tooth enamel. that results in less Quantity of enamel than normal. The Defect Can be A Small Pit or Dent in The Tooth or. Can be so widespread that The entire Tooth is Small. and / or mis -shaped. Type of Defect this may Cause Tooth sensitivity, may be unsightly or may be more. susceptible to Dental cavities. Genetic disorders some teeth to have enamel hypoplasia The Cause all. EH Can occur on any Tooth or on multiple teeth. It Can Appear White, Yellow or brownish in color with A. Rough or pitted Surface. In some Cases, The Quality of. The enamel is affected as Well as The Quantity. Environmental and Genetic factors that interfere with. Tooth Formation are thought to be responsible for EH. This Includes trauma to The teeth and jaws, intubation. of premature Infants, infections during Pregnancy or infancy, poor Pre-Natal and Post-Natal Nutrition,. hypoxia, Exposure to Toxic Chemicals and A Variety of. hereditary disorders. Frequently, in The Cause of EH. A Particular Child is Difficult to determine. Treatment options depend on The severity of The EH. on A Particular Tooth and The Associated symptoms. with it. The Most Conservative Treatment consists of bonding material to The Tooth A Tooth colored to. Protect it from Further Wear or sensitivity. In some Cases, The Nature of The enamel Prevents Formation of. an acceptable Bond. Less Conservative Treatment options, but Frequently necessary include Use of. Stainless Steel Crowns, Permanent Cast Crowns or. extraction of affected teeth and Replacement with A. Bridge or implant. ENAMEL hypoplasia - TREATMENT OPTIONS Treatment of teeth with enamel hypoplasia must be determined on an individual Basis in. consultation with the child's pediatric or family dentist. The Following Treatment options are based on The Available Literature and The Experiences of faculty members in our department and should be. Adapted to meet The Needs of Each Patient. Treatment for posterior teeth: 1. For sensitive teeth with Minimal Wear, Superseal You may Apply (Phoenix Dental Inc..) Or. desensitizing another Agent (Such as Potassium nitrate) as needed. 2. For Mildly hypoplastic molars, Place Pit and Fissure Sealant on The occlusal Surface. - at 6 month re-Evaluation, if Sealant is Lost, Go to Step 2. 3. Remove demineralized enamel and Restore with Composite. - at 6 month re-Evaluation,. if Composite is Lost, using either REPLACE good isolation. Techniques Go to Step 3 or 4. Perform A Minimal Reduction of Tooth Stainless Steel and Cement Crown. - evaluate clinically and radiographically as indicated. 5. For permanent molars, stainless steel crowns are intended for temporary use only. These teeth should be Restored with Cast A Permanent Crown in The Late or Early Teen years. adulthood. 6. In Cases Where The First Permanent molars are Unrestorable or marginally restorable,. extraction Prior to The Eruption of The second molars may be A reasonable Alternative. Treatment for anterior teeth: 1. For sensitive teeth with no Wear, Superseal You may Apply (Phoenix Dental Inc..) Or. desensitizing another Agent (Such as Potassium nitrate) as needed. 2. If there are concerns Esthetic, Direct or Indirect Composite Veneers may be Bonded to The. affected Tooth. 3. For Permanent anterior teeth, Composite or Porcelain Veneers or Porcelain Crowns may be. used. References: Brook AH, Fearne JM, Smith J: Environmental Causes of enamel defects. Ciba Foundation Symposium 205:212-221, 1 997. Koch MJ, Garcia-Godoy F: The Clinical Performance of Laboratory-fabricated Crowns placed on First Permanent molars. with Developmental defects. JADA 131:1285-1290, the two thousandth. Li RW: Adhesive Solutions: A Case Report of using multiple adhesive Techniques in The Management of enamel. hypoplasia. Update Dent 26:277-287, 1,999th. Murray JJ, Shaw L: Classification and Prevalence of enamel opacities in The Human deciduous and Permanent. Dentitions. Arch Oral Biol 24:7-13, 1979. Quinonez R., Hoover R, Wright JT: Transitional anterior Esthetic restorations for patients with enamel defects. Pediatr Dent 22 (1) :65-67, the 2,000th. Rugg-Gunn AJ, Al Mohammadi SM, Butler TJ: Malnutrition and Developmental defects of enamel in 2 - to 6-year-Old. Saudi Boys. Caries Res 32:181-192, 1998. Seow WK: Enamel hypoplasia in The PRIMARY dentition: A review. ASDC J Dent Child 58:441-452, 1991st. Silberman SL, Trubman A, Duncan WK, Meydrech EF: A simplified hypoplasia Index. J Public Health Dent 50:282 - 284, one thousand nine hundred ninety. Slayton, RL, Warren, JJ, Kanellis, MJ, Levy, SM and Islam, M. Prevalence of enamel hypoplasia and Isolated. opacities in The PRIMARY dentition. Pediatric Dentistry 23:32-36, in 2001. Witkop CJ, Jr..: Amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia revisited: problems in. Classification. J Oral Pathol 17:547-553, 1988
Causes AND TREATMENT OPTIONS What is enamel hypoplasia? What does enamel hypoplasia Look like? What Causes enamel hypoplasia? What are The Treatment options for enamel hypoplasia? vote distribution Adjacent Stainless Steel to Composite Filling. Crowns. Enamel hypoplasia (EH) is A Defect in Tooth enamel. that results in less Quantity of enamel than normal. The Defect Can be A Small Pit or Dent in The Tooth or. Can be so widespread that The entire Tooth is Small. and / or mis -shaped. Type of Defect this may Cause Tooth sensitivity, may be unsightly or may be more. susceptible to Dental cavities. Genetic disorders some teeth to have enamel hypoplasia The Cause all. EH Can occur on any Tooth or on multiple teeth. It Can Appear White, Yellow or brownish in color with A. Rough or pitted Surface. In some Cases, The Quality of. The enamel is affected as Well as The Quantity. Environmental and Genetic factors that interfere with. Tooth Formation are thought to be responsible for EH. This Includes trauma to The teeth and jaws, intubation. of premature Infants, infections during Pregnancy or infancy, poor Pre-Natal and Post-Natal Nutrition,. hypoxia, Exposure to Toxic Chemicals and A Variety of. hereditary disorders. Frequently, in The Cause of EH. A Particular Child is Difficult to determine. Treatment options depend on The severity of The EH. on A Particular Tooth and The Associated symptoms. with it. The Most Conservative Treatment consists of bonding material to The Tooth A Tooth colored to. Protect it from Further Wear or sensitivity. In some Cases, The Nature of The enamel Prevents Formation of. an acceptable Bond. Less Conservative Treatment options, but Frequently necessary include Use of. Stainless Steel Crowns, Permanent Cast Crowns or. extraction of affected teeth and Replacement with A. Bridge or implant. ENAMEL hypoplasia - TREATMENT OPTIONS Treatment of teeth with enamel hypoplasia must be determined on an individual Basis in. consultation with the child's pediatric or family dentist. The Following Treatment options are based on The Available Literature and The Experiences of faculty members in our department and should be. Adapted to meet The Needs of Each Patient. Treatment for posterior teeth: 1. For sensitive teeth with Minimal Wear, Superseal You may Apply (Phoenix Dental Inc..) Or. desensitizing another Agent (Such as Potassium nitrate) as needed. 2. For Mildly hypoplastic molars, Place Pit and Fissure Sealant on The occlusal Surface. - at 6 month re-Evaluation, if Sealant is Lost, Go to Step 2. 3. Remove demineralized enamel and Restore with Composite. - at 6 month re-Evaluation,. if Composite is Lost, using either REPLACE good isolation. Techniques Go to Step 3 or 4. Perform A Minimal Reduction of Tooth Stainless Steel and Cement Crown. - evaluate clinically and radiographically as indicated. 5. For permanent molars, stainless steel crowns are intended for temporary use only. These teeth should be Restored with Cast A Permanent Crown in The Late or Early Teen years. adulthood. 6. In Cases Where The First Permanent molars are Unrestorable or marginally restorable,. extraction Prior to The Eruption of The second molars may be A reasonable Alternative. Treatment for anterior teeth: 1. For sensitive teeth with no Wear, Superseal You may Apply (Phoenix Dental Inc..) Or. desensitizing another Agent (Such as Potassium nitrate) as needed. 2. If there are concerns Esthetic, Direct or Indirect Composite Veneers may be Bonded to The. affected Tooth. 3. For Permanent anterior teeth, Composite or Porcelain Veneers or Porcelain Crowns may be. used. References: Brook AH, Fearne JM, Smith J: Environmental Causes of enamel defects. Ciba Foundation Symposium 205:212-221, 1 997. Koch MJ, Garcia-Godoy F: The Clinical Performance of Laboratory-fabricated Crowns placed on First Permanent molars. with Developmental defects. JADA 131:1285-1290, the two thousandth. Li RW: Adhesive Solutions: A Case Report of using multiple adhesive Techniques in The Management of enamel. hypoplasia. Update Dent 26:277-287, 1,999th. Murray JJ, Shaw L: Classification and Prevalence of enamel opacities in The Human deciduous and Permanent. Dentitions. Arch Oral Biol 24:7-13, 1979. Quinonez R., Hoover R, Wright JT: Transitional anterior Esthetic restorations for patients with enamel defects. Pediatr Dent 22 (1) :65-67, the 2,000th. Rugg-Gunn AJ, Al Mohammadi SM, Butler TJ: Malnutrition and Developmental defects of enamel in 2 - to 6-year-Old. Saudi Boys. Caries Res 32:181-192, 1998. Seow WK: Enamel hypoplasia in The PRIMARY dentition: A review. ASDC J Dent Child 58:441-452, 1991st. Silberman SL, Trubman A, Duncan WK, Meydrech EF: A simplified hypoplasia Index. J Public Health Dent 50:282 - 284, one thousand nine hundred ninety. Slayton, RL, Warren, JJ, Kanellis, MJ, Levy, SM and Islam, M. Prevalence of enamel hypoplasia and Isolated. opacities in The PRIMARY dentition. Pediatric Dentistry 23:32-36, in 2001. Witkop CJ, Jr..: Amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia revisited: problems in. Classification. J Oral Pathol 17:547-553, 1988
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA:
CAUSES AND TREATMENT OPTIONS
What is enamel hypoplasia?
What does enamel hypoplasia. Look
like?
What causes enamel hypoplasia?
What are the treatment options for
enamel. Hypoplasia?
Breakdown adjacent Stainless steel
to composite filling. Crowns.
.Enamel hypoplasia (EH) is a defect in tooth enamel
that results in less quantity of enamel than normal.
The defect can. Be a small pit or dent in the tooth or
can be so widespread that the entire tooth is small
and / or mis-shaped. This type. Of defect may cause
tooth sensitivity may be, unsightly or may be more
susceptible to dental cavities. Some genetic disorders
.Cause all the teeth to have enamel hypoplasia.
EH can occur on any tooth or on multiple teeth. It
can, appear white. Yellow or brownish in color with a
rough or pitted surface. In some cases the quality, of
the enamel is affected as well. As the quantity.
Environmental and genetic factors that interfere with
tooth formation are thought to be. Responsible for EH.
.This includes trauma to the teeth, and jaws intubation
of premature infants infections during, pregnancy or
infancy,, Poor pre-natal and post-natal nutrition
hypoxia, exposure to, toxic chemicals and a variety of
hereditary disorders, Frequently,. The cause of EH in
a particular child is difficult to determine.
Treatment options depend on the severity of the. EH
.On a particular tooth and the symptoms associated
with it. The most conservative treatment consists of
bonding a tooth. Colored material to the tooth to
protect it from further wear or sensitivity. In some
cases the nature, of the enamel. Prevents formation of
an acceptable bond. Less conservative treatment
options but frequently, necessary include use of.
stainless, steel crownsPermanent cast crowns or
extraction of affected teeth and replacement with a
bridge or implant.
ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA - TREATMENT. OPTIONS
Treatment of teeth with enamel hypoplasia must be determined on an individual basis in
consultation with the. Child 's pediatric or family dentist. The following treatment options are based
.On the available literature and the experiences of faculty members in our department and should be
adapted to meet the. Needs of each patient.
Treatment for posterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with, minimal wear you may apply SuperSeal. (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. For mildly hypoplastic. Molars.Place pit and fissure sealant on the occlusal surface.
- at 6 month re-evaluation if sealant, is lost go to, step 2
3. Remove. Demineralized enamel and restore with composite.
- at 6 month re-evaluation if composite, is lost either replace, using. Good isolation
techniques or go to step 3
4. Perform minimal reduction of tooth and cement a stainless steel crown
.- evaluate clinically and radiographically as indicated
5. For permanent molars stainless steel, crowns are intended. For temporary use only. These
teeth should be restored with a permanent cast crown in the late teen years or early
adulthood.?
6. In cases where the first permanent molars are unrestorable or, marginally restorable
.Extraction prior to the eruption of the second molars may be a reasonable alternative.
Treatment for anterior teeth:
1.? For sensitive teeth with no wear you may, apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as. Potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. If there are, esthetic concerns direct or indirect composite veneers may be bonded to. The
affected tooth.
3.For permanent, anterior teeth composite or porcelain veneers or porcelain crowns may used be
.
References: Brook, AH. Fearne, JM Smith J: Environmental causes of enamel defects. Ciba Foundation Symposium 205: 212-221
.
Koch, 1997 MJ Garcia-Godoy,, F: The clinical performance of laboratory-fabricated crowns placed on first permanent molars
with developmental, defects. JADA, 131: 1285-1290 2000.
.Li RW: Adhesive solutions: report of a case using multiple adhesive techniques in the management of enamel
hypoplasia.? Dent Update, 26: 277-287 1999.
Murray, JJ Shaw L: Classification and prevalence of enamel opacities in the human deciduous. And permanent
dentitions. Arch Oral Biol, 24: 7-13 1979.
Quinonez R. Hoover R Wright JT:,,Transitional anterior esthetic restorations for patients with enamel defects. Pediatr
Dent 22 (1): 65-67 2000.
Rugg-Gunn,, AJ Al SM Butler, Mohammadi, TJ: Malnutrition and developmental defects of enamel in 2 - to 6-year-old
Saudi boys. Caries. Res, 32: 181-192 1998.
Seow WK: Enamel hypoplasia in the primary dentition: a review. ASDC J Dent Child, 58: 441-452 1991.
Silberman. SL Trubman A,,Duncan, WK Meydrech EF: A simplified hypoplasia index. J Public Health Dent 50: 282 -
284 1990.
Slayton,,,, Warren, R.L. J.J, Kanellis M.J. Levy,,,, S.M. And Islam M. Prevalence of enamel hypoplasia and isolated
opacities in the primary, dentition. Pediatric Dentistry, 23: 32-36 2001.
Witkop, CJ Jr: Amelogenesis imperfecta dentinogenesis imperfecta, and dentin dysplasia. Revisited: problems in
.Classification. J Oral Pathol 17: 547-553 1988,,
CAUSES AND TREATMENT OPTIONS
What is enamel hypoplasia?
What does enamel hypoplasia. Look
like?
What causes enamel hypoplasia?
What are the treatment options for
enamel. Hypoplasia?
Breakdown adjacent Stainless steel
to composite filling. Crowns.
.Enamel hypoplasia (EH) is a defect in tooth enamel
that results in less quantity of enamel than normal.
The defect can. Be a small pit or dent in the tooth or
can be so widespread that the entire tooth is small
and / or mis-shaped. This type. Of defect may cause
tooth sensitivity may be, unsightly or may be more
susceptible to dental cavities. Some genetic disorders
.Cause all the teeth to have enamel hypoplasia.
EH can occur on any tooth or on multiple teeth. It
can, appear white. Yellow or brownish in color with a
rough or pitted surface. In some cases the quality, of
the enamel is affected as well. As the quantity.
Environmental and genetic factors that interfere with
tooth formation are thought to be. Responsible for EH.
.This includes trauma to the teeth, and jaws intubation
of premature infants infections during, pregnancy or
infancy,, Poor pre-natal and post-natal nutrition
hypoxia, exposure to, toxic chemicals and a variety of
hereditary disorders, Frequently,. The cause of EH in
a particular child is difficult to determine.
Treatment options depend on the severity of the. EH
.On a particular tooth and the symptoms associated
with it. The most conservative treatment consists of
bonding a tooth. Colored material to the tooth to
protect it from further wear or sensitivity. In some
cases the nature, of the enamel. Prevents formation of
an acceptable bond. Less conservative treatment
options but frequently, necessary include use of.
stainless, steel crownsPermanent cast crowns or
extraction of affected teeth and replacement with a
bridge or implant.
ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA - TREATMENT. OPTIONS
Treatment of teeth with enamel hypoplasia must be determined on an individual basis in
consultation with the. Child 's pediatric or family dentist. The following treatment options are based
.On the available literature and the experiences of faculty members in our department and should be
adapted to meet the. Needs of each patient.
Treatment for posterior teeth:
1. For sensitive teeth with, minimal wear you may apply SuperSeal. (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. For mildly hypoplastic. Molars.Place pit and fissure sealant on the occlusal surface.
- at 6 month re-evaluation if sealant, is lost go to, step 2
3. Remove. Demineralized enamel and restore with composite.
- at 6 month re-evaluation if composite, is lost either replace, using. Good isolation
techniques or go to step 3
4. Perform minimal reduction of tooth and cement a stainless steel crown
.- evaluate clinically and radiographically as indicated
5. For permanent molars stainless steel, crowns are intended. For temporary use only. These
teeth should be restored with a permanent cast crown in the late teen years or early
adulthood.?
6. In cases where the first permanent molars are unrestorable or, marginally restorable
.Extraction prior to the eruption of the second molars may be a reasonable alternative.
Treatment for anterior teeth:
1.? For sensitive teeth with no wear you may, apply SuperSeal (Phoenix Dental Inc.) or
another desensitizing agent (such as. Potassium nitrate) as needed.
2. If there are, esthetic concerns direct or indirect composite veneers may be bonded to. The
affected tooth.
3.For permanent, anterior teeth composite or porcelain veneers or porcelain crowns may used be
.
References: Brook, AH. Fearne, JM Smith J: Environmental causes of enamel defects. Ciba Foundation Symposium 205: 212-221
.
Koch, 1997 MJ Garcia-Godoy,, F: The clinical performance of laboratory-fabricated crowns placed on first permanent molars
with developmental, defects. JADA, 131: 1285-1290 2000.
.Li RW: Adhesive solutions: report of a case using multiple adhesive techniques in the management of enamel
hypoplasia.? Dent Update, 26: 277-287 1999.
Murray, JJ Shaw L: Classification and prevalence of enamel opacities in the human deciduous. And permanent
dentitions. Arch Oral Biol, 24: 7-13 1979.
Quinonez R. Hoover R Wright JT:,,Transitional anterior esthetic restorations for patients with enamel defects. Pediatr
Dent 22 (1): 65-67 2000.
Rugg-Gunn,, AJ Al SM Butler, Mohammadi, TJ: Malnutrition and developmental defects of enamel in 2 - to 6-year-old
Saudi boys. Caries. Res, 32: 181-192 1998.
Seow WK: Enamel hypoplasia in the primary dentition: a review. ASDC J Dent Child, 58: 441-452 1991.
Silberman. SL Trubman A,,Duncan, WK Meydrech EF: A simplified hypoplasia index. J Public Health Dent 50: 282 -
284 1990.
Slayton,,,, Warren, R.L. J.J, Kanellis M.J. Levy,,,, S.M. And Islam M. Prevalence of enamel hypoplasia and isolated
opacities in the primary, dentition. Pediatric Dentistry, 23: 32-36 2001.
Witkop, CJ Jr: Amelogenesis imperfecta dentinogenesis imperfecta, and dentin dysplasia. Revisited: problems in
.Classification. J Oral Pathol 17: 547-553 1988,,
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
ภาษาอื่น ๆ
การสนับสนุนเครื่องมือแปลภาษา: กรีก, กันนาดา, กาลิเชียน, คลิงออน, คอร์สิกา, คาซัค, คาตาลัน, คินยารวันดา, คีร์กิซ, คุชราต, จอร์เจีย, จีน, จีนดั้งเดิม, ชวา, ชิเชวา, ซามัว, ซีบัวโน, ซุนดา, ซูลู, ญี่ปุ่น, ดัตช์, ตรวจหาภาษา, ตุรกี, ทมิฬ, ทาจิก, ทาทาร์, นอร์เวย์, บอสเนีย, บัลแกเรีย, บาสก์, ปัญจาป, ฝรั่งเศส, พาชตู, ฟริเชียน, ฟินแลนด์, ฟิลิปปินส์, ภาษาอินโดนีเซี, มองโกเลีย, มัลทีส, มาซีโดเนีย, มาราฐี, มาลากาซี, มาลายาลัม, มาเลย์, ม้ง, ยิดดิช, ยูเครน, รัสเซีย, ละติน, ลักเซมเบิร์ก, ลัตเวีย, ลาว, ลิทัวเนีย, สวาฮิลี, สวีเดน, สิงหล, สินธี, สเปน, สโลวัก, สโลวีเนีย, อังกฤษ, อัมฮาริก, อาร์เซอร์ไบจัน, อาร์เมเนีย, อาหรับ, อิกโบ, อิตาลี, อุยกูร์, อุสเบกิสถาน, อูรดู, ฮังการี, ฮัวซา, ฮาวาย, ฮินดี, ฮีบรู, เกลิกสกอต, เกาหลี, เขมร, เคิร์ด, เช็ก, เซอร์เบียน, เซโซโท, เดนมาร์ก, เตลูกู, เติร์กเมน, เนปาล, เบงกอล, เบลารุส, เปอร์เซีย, เมารี, เมียนมา (พม่า), เยอรมัน, เวลส์, เวียดนาม, เอสเปอแรนโต, เอสโทเนีย, เฮติครีโอล, แอฟริกา, แอลเบเนีย, โคซา, โครเอเชีย, โชนา, โซมาลี, โปรตุเกส, โปแลนด์, โยรูบา, โรมาเนีย, โอเดีย (โอริยา), ไทย, ไอซ์แลนด์, ไอร์แลนด์, การแปลภาษา.
- พูดอีกอย่างแต่ทำอีกอย่าง
- ฉันต้องหาซื้อของขวัญวันเกิดให้โดม
- I don't regret it later
- ที่นั่นอากาศดีไหม
- ฉันไปเยี่ยมญาติของฉันที่โรงพยาบาล
- if you want to eat phar i will cook the
- เค้าเข้ามาทักฉันวันนี้
- On the other hand, the modified salting
- nick Hug tookta
- หน้าของฉันเหมือนวงกลม
- อยู่ในอาการสงบ
- ทำไมต่างประเทศมีชื่อเหมือนกันเยอะมาก
- แทบไม่น่าเชื่อเลยนะปกติผู้ชายมักมีความต้
- never give up great things take time
- You should raise your hand before speaki
- Aim This study explores nurses ethical d
- so I'm giving you just one chance.
- ฉันจะฟังที่คุณเล่า
- อากาศดีและวิวสวย
- ชนโน้นชนนี้
- おやすみなさい。
- turn to the right
- jasmine
- Do not take shortcuts lawn
