His was a rudimentary and simplifie

His was a rudimentary and simplified image, but a very clear one just the same. Many grades of “rank” existed in the world. There were the pope, cardinals and bishops, and the parish priest of Montereale; there was the emperor, there were kings and princes. But beyond hierarchical gradations, there was a fundamental distinction between “superiors” and “poor people” and Menocchio knew that he was one of the poor. It was a totally dichotomous view of the class structure, typical of a peasant society. Nevertheless, in Menocchio’s statements there’s an indication of a more discriminating attitude concerning “superiors.” The violence of his attack against the highest religious authorities and it seems to me that under this law of ours the pope, cardinals, and bishops are so great and rich that everything belongs to the Church and to the priests, and they oppress the poor… contrasts with the much milder criticism of political authorities that follows immediately after: “It also seems to me that these Venetian lords harbor thieves in that city, so that when a person goes there to buy something, and asks ‘’how much do you want for these things?” they reply a ducat, even if they are only worth three marcelli; and I wish that they would do their duty…” These words testify, first of all, to the reaction of the peasant who has suddenly come into contact with the distant reality of the city. The jump from Montereale or Aviano to a great city like Venice was a big one. But the fact remains that while the pope, cardinals, and bishops are directly accused of “oppressing” the poor, he says simply of the “Venetian lords” that “they harbor thieves in that city.” This difference in tone certainly can’t be attributed to prudence, for when he spoke these words Mennocchio was standing before both the mayor of Portogruaro and the inquisitor of Aquileia and his vicar. In his eyes the ecclesiastical hierarchy was the principal embodiment of oppression. Why?

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

His was a rudimentary and simplified image, but a very clear one just the same. Many grades of "rank" existed in the world. There were the pope, cardinals and bishops, and the parish priest of Montereale; there was the emperor, there were kings and princes. But beyond hierarchical gradations, there was a fundamental distinction between "superiors" and "poor people" and Menocchio knew that he was one of the poor. It was a totally dichotomous view of the class structure, typical of a peasant society. Nevertheless, in Menocchio's statements there's an indication of a more discriminating attitude concerning "superiors." The violence of his attack against the highest religious authorities and it seems to me that under this law of ours the pope, cardinals, and bishops are so great and. rich that everything belongs to the Church and to the priests, and they oppress the poor ... contrasts with the much milder criticism of political authorities that follows immediately after: "It also seems to me that these Venetian lords harbor thieves in that city, so that. when a person goes there to buy something, and asks '' how much do you want for these things? "they reply a ducat, even if they are only worth three marcelli; and I wish that they would do their duty ... "These words testify, first of all, to the reaction of the peasant who has suddenly come into contact with the distant reality of the city. The jump from Montereale or Aviano to a great city like Venice was a big one. But the fact remains that while the pope, cardinals, and bishops are directly accused of "oppressing" the poor, he says simply of the "Venetian lords" that "they harbor thieves in that city." This difference in tone certainly can not. be attributed to prudence, for when he spoke these words Mennocchio was standing before both the mayor of Portogruaro and the inquisitor of Aquileia and his vicar. In his eyes the ecclesiastical hierarchy was the principal embodiment of oppression. Why?