When you're in need of a blood tran

When you're in need of a blood transfusion, you'll be given blood that matches the blood your own body produces. But this wasn't always the case. The reason we know about it is because of an Austrian and American biologist by the name of Karl Landsteiner, who discovered the blood groups in 1901.

Landsteiner, who died in June 1943, would have been 148 years old on June 14.

Prior to Landsteiner's discovery, blood transfusions had been attempted as early as the 17th century. Successful transfusions were conducted between animals, but when attempts were made to transfuse animal blood into humans, the human immune system rejected the blood. This can get fatal. The host's antibodies can attack the new red blood cells, breaking them down and causing blood to clot in the veins.


This can occur when a transfusion recipient is given incompatible human blood, too. While some successful human transfusions had taken place in the 19th century, it was largely by luck that they did succeed, and many did not.

When Landsteiner identified the A, B and O blood groups, he created a means for testing the compatibility between donor and recipient blood, making blood transfusions much safer. While receiving the wrong blood still does sometimes happen today, it is usually by accident, very rare, and medical staff are better equipped to deal with the fallout.

Landsteiner was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1930 for his discovery, but his achievements extended to other areas as well. He worked for over a decade on immunity and antibodies and, in collaboration with physician Erwin Popper, isolated the virus that causes polio in 1908, which in turn allowed the creation of a vaccine.

ผลลัพธ์ (แอฟริกา) 1:

As jy in die behoefte van 'n bloedoortapping, sal jy bloed wat ooreenstem met die bloed van jou eie liggaam produseer word gegee. Maar dit was nie altyd die geval nie. Oor die rede weet ons dit is as gevolg van 'n Oostenrykse en Amerikaanse bioloog Karl Landsteiner van die genoem, een wat in 1901 ontdek die Bloedgroepe Landsteiner, 1943 wat gesterf het in Junie sou gewees het 148 jaar oud op 14 Junie Voor Landsteiner se. ontdekking, bloedoortappings was so vroeg as die 17de eeu probeer. Suksesvolle oortappings gevoer tussen diere, maar wanneer pogings aangewend om diere bloed oor giet in die mens, die menslike immuunstelsel verwerp die bloed. Dit kan dodelik kry. teenliggaampies die gasheer se aanval die Nuwe rooibloedselle, Breaking dit neer en veroorsaak bloedklont in die are. Dit kan gebeur wanneer 'n bloedoortapping ontvanger in stryd is GEGEE menslike bloed ook. Terwyl sommige suksesvolle Human oortappings Plaas in die 19de eeu plaasgevind het, was dit grootliks deur geluk dat hulle daarin slaag, en baie het nie. Wanneer Landsteiner geïdentifiseer die A, B en O Bloedgroepe, Hy 'n manier geskep vir die toets van die Verenigbaarheid tussen skenker. en ontvanger bloed, maak bloedoortappings baie veiliger. Terwyl die ontvangs van die verkeerde bloed nog steeds soms gebeur vandag, is dit gewoonlik deur 'n ongeluk, baie skaars, en Mediese personeel is beter toegerus om te gaan met die gevolge. Landsteiner is bekroon met die Nobelprys vir in 1930 vir sy ontdekking, maar sy prestasies uitgebrei na ander. gebiede sowel. Hy het vir meer as 'n dekade op immuniteit en teenliggaampies en, in samewerking met die geneesheer Erwin Popper, geïsoleer die virus wat polio veroorsaak in 1908, wat op sy beurt toegelaat dat die skepping van 'n entstof.