Giving fluids intravenously [ intravenous therapy and transfusion ] The purpose of giving fluids intravenously 1. treatment of water balance and fluid in the body.2. provide nutrients, vitamins, and as a source of energy to the patient who cannot eat by mouth. 3. the treatment of acid-base balance in the body.4. maintain a balanced and the volume of blood and blood components. 5. make certain kinds of intravenous injections. Types of fluids intravenously Giving fluids intravenously are divided into three types. 1. provide fluids intravenously (peripheral intravenous infusion). 2. to provide water and intravenous solution (central venous therapy).3. water and nutrient solution through an intravenous device embedded under the skin. ( implanted vascular access device or venousport ) Substances that provide all kinds of intravenous water back solute including electro Wright or non-ionic components such as urea, glucose concentrations divided by 3. 1. aqueous isomer tonic (isotonic solution). It will have the same concentration of water outside the cells (extracellular fluid), which is smoked, La security between 280-310 m0sm/l when intravenous will be no movement of water. Into or out of the cell, thus giving substance to water, thereby increasing the volume of isotonic type water outside the cell.2. the hypochlorite thickeners tonic (hypotonic solution). Osmosis la security less than 280 m0sm/l, which is less than the value of water as extracellular osmolarity substance independent of the water molecules, water in the cells, thus causing the movement of water into the cell. Therefore, this type of fluid required to prevent deletion, slowly stirring of the cell.3. thickeners hyper tonic (hypertonic solution). As the substance water osmosis la more than 310 l security/m0sm osmosis, which has more than of water outside the cell, security, La. This fluid contains molecules of water in a water independent cell and this will cause to pull water out of the cells into the circulation. Types of fluids intravenously Divided into 3 large type. 1. the sea, northeast of the famine of venous blood (Peripheral intravenous infusion). As to the water or intravenous fluid that is in a shallow layer of skin or veins that are located in the gardens of the ends of the arms and legs. In particular, the patient must abstain from food and water to prepare the surgery. Patients who require intravenous medications, especially the mixing dilution and dosage, intravenous drip slowly, including blood and blood components. Heparin lock or a Saline lock is stabbing needles, intravenous fluid tip and needle cast with coagulation (Heparin) Dilutions (Heparin: 0.9% NSS = 1:100) ² intended to provide access to drugs and intravenous solution periodically. IV Piggyback Administration is to provide 2 bottles of water, which has 250 ml pack size 25 – ² ton akhao to set the first bottled water. The purpose of giving intravenous medication drip slowly, while in substance the water droplet Piggyback set before will stop temporarily until all the substance in the water main in the bottle, Piggyback, it will flow.2. to provide water and intravenous solution (Central venous therapy). As to the water or via central line intravenous Dick include: Internal & External jugular, Subclavian vien viens, Right & Left veins which will Nominate, in patients who cannot eat by mouth or oral eating inadequate to the needs of the body.3. water and nutrient solution through an intravenous device embedded under the skin (Implanted vascular. Venous access device or port).As embedded devices used in providing intravenous fluids under the skin. By the end of the cable through the large veins such as conforming to the Subclavian veins Right & Left Nominate vien, patients requiring intravenous solution periodically, and not be able to provide water and intravenous solution ends, such as in chronic blood disease patients. Need to get chemotherapy or provide blood and blood components periodically.A bit of water substance, intravenous Substances that provide all kinds of intravenous water contains a solute, including electrolyte Wright or non-ion components such as urea, glucose concentration divided by 3.1. Sonic vapor to solvents (Isotonic solution).2. the hypochlorite Photonic thickeners (Hypotonic solution).3. thickeners hyper tonic (Hypertonic solution). Principles of venous needle fluid, stabbed Nurses prepare so that the water will need to consider the position of the needle to stab a vein of water. By having the following:1. Select the veins of the arm patients unfamiliar before so the patient can use a comfortable arm doing various routines manual.2. start stabbing needles, intravenous fluid at the tip of the arm before. So the next part vein.3. avoid stabbing needles so that the water of the arm vein surgery, especially in the axil of the arm.4. If necessary to tie the arm and leg to avoid stabbing needle, fluid.5. avoid stabbing needles area various crook because it makes blood vessels penetrated the crack, or, if needed, use a wooden crook area stabbed Notre Dame defense to bend fold.The position of the needle to stab a vein (Venipuncture Site). The location of the vein that is thrust needle intravenous route, include the big end of the hands and feet, and the scalp (scalp) in patients with small children.Equipment used in the water.Fluid bottle oO Kit, fluid (IV Administration set.)O using the needle stabbing into a vein (Peripheral insertion devices).O other equipment such as water bottles, hanging pillar so that the elastic sleeves (tourniguet) transparent sheet off the position that thrust the needle (transparent dressing) or secondary wood plaster arm infection best! soplot a sterile cotton swab alcohol 70% clean gloves if necessary accessories including, per 3 & extension cables (extention tube).How to take fluids intravenously1. check command to maintain and write the name of the patient. The type of fluid a day at the start of the substance water drip rate. Into the closed bottle label so that patients receive the correct amount of metabolites corresponds to the treatment plan.2. preparation of water and close the label sheet @
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