Designed to change the chemical structure under specific environmental conditions in particular. As a result, properties Of plastic fell within a certain period. By changing the chemical structure must be caused by microbial in nature. Can be measured by standard test methods. Which measures the amount of carbon dioxide or methane, occurred frame. This article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding bioplastic, biodegradable petrochemical industry. As an industry basis, starting from crude oil and natural gas. To the production of synthetic products is ongoing. And develop into a polymer material or plastic fiber types. The important role in the daily lives of people for over a hundred years ago Tiea throughout the centuries. The man was found to limit the amount of raw materials, crude oil and natural gas. The estimate has to be exhausted in the end. Also in the process of manufacturing products of the petrochemical industry, especially the burning also contributes to the accumulation of pollution. Which has expanded to a broad ecosystem of the world. The discovery and development of new processes. Including the creation of innovative products, from petrochemicals to a full within a short time. Is one that all countries need to develop. The addition is meant to protect the environment for the good of their country then. The means to increase the capacity and the opportunity to compete will be linked to the leadership in economic trade with bio-degradable plastics. (Biodegradable plastic) is one way to develop materials for use for environmental preservation. In terms of raw materials Production Process And removal process Currently bioplastics, biodegradable Get more attention from scientists. As well as leading industry professionals worldwide. The biodegradable bioplastics It is produced from renewable raw materials that can produce more in natural (renewable resource), low energy consumption in the production process. And can be decomposed into carbon dioxide and water. By microorganisms in nature After the user The bio-degradable plastic, it has the ability to use it equivalent to traditional plastics from petrochemicals (Commodity Plastics) and can replace the use of existing country or group of countries considering the main business. It is seen that the awakening of biodegradable plastic bio both policy. Research and development and product creation to accelerate the replacement of conventional plastics, it is fast. The steps are also clearly indicate the direction the United States is a leading nation in science and technology fields. Has become the leader in the production of bio-degradable plastics. From the moment of success in the production of polymers, bio-degradable in the industry as companies CargillDow or Natureworks using corn as the raw material for the production of lactic acid and Pauline lactic acid (Polylactic Acid or PLA). While the company Metabolix Inc., a leading manufacturer of bio-degradable type Pauline hydroxy Cano et al. (Polyhydroxyalkanoates or PHAs) addition. At the policy level The United States has set a goal to make the use of biomass (biomass) to the amount of 5% in 2002 increased to 12% in 2010 and 20% in 2030. The European Union has issued measures for cars in Europe. consists of parts that can be reused (reuse) or reused new (recovery) of at least 85 percent by weight by the date January 1, 2549, the biodegradable plastic is one which conforms. With such policies , the study and analysis of the preliminary data. National Innovation Agency It is concluded that biological material which is developing innovative business opportunities proactively. To add value to the agricultural raw materials of the country are three types : 1) Pauline lactic acid (Polylactic Acid) or PLA raw materials used in the manufacture of Polylactic Acid (PLA) is a powder that comes from natural resources occurs. new (renewable resource), which include plants containing starch such as corn and cassava as the main component. The process begins by grinding or milling plant that is thoroughly flour. Then, the starch to sugar and fermentation (fermentation) with Lactic Acid Bacteria is a process similar to brewing beer, which then led Lactic Acid derived through chemical processes. To change the structure of the new compounds with a chemical structure in a ring called lactide then be distilled in a vacuum system to change the structure of a polymer of lactide, a long line called Polylactic Acid (PLA), which determine the length. Of late, the polymer to meet the requirements to be what makes the properties of PLA vary according to usage, the PLA can be used as raw material in the production of plastic products as well as plastics from petroleum The PLA also has extra features. There is a clear Do not degrade the environment. It is biodegradable when buried in the soil, leading to two) Pauline hydroxy Cano et al. (Polyhydroxyalkanoates) or PHAs as well as polymer substrate materials that can be used to produce biodegradable plastic products company Metabolix Inc., USA, has developed technology to produce PHAs in the industry. The raw materials used in production Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) is starch or sugar, which comes from natural resources, emerging (renewable resource), which include plants containing starch or sugar as the main component, such as maize, cassava and sugarcane, etc. The process begins by grinding or milling. finely powdered plant Then, the starch to sugar and fermentation (fermentation) with a specialty Eschericia Coli bacteria, which consume the sugars as food. And can change the chemical structure of sugar within the microbe itself as PHAs, which are separated by crackers isolated shell outer microbial out because PHAs have a melting temperature (Tm), which range from 50 - 180 ° C makes. with the introduction of the raw material for a variety of plastic products platform.
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