Major types of debentures are classified as
1. Classified by where the Term bonds due for payment is the category
1.1 define redemption bonds all at once, like 4 years due to redemption in December 31, 2004
1.2 Serial bonds are a kind of redemption schedule installments, Bond redemption # 1 when it was due December 31, 2002 June 30, 2000, in the second and final time on June 30 by 2457 2
.
2 margin.1 Secured bonds are bonds that have unique assets such as collateral of land title deed no. 4536 phyathai Bangkok
2.2 Unsecured bonds are bonds that are unsecured. In addition, the company's general assets, such as buildings, vehicles, materials and equipment, which would set average in conjunction with third-party accounts payable
3. Classified according to the nature of issue
3.1 debentures registered in both the money and interest. Debentures issued by the company shall specify the name of the shareholder register of the company. The transfer of shares, change the name and rights to receive interest must be registered with the issuer company transferred bonds
3.2. only registered debentures. Transfer of bonds changing hands, must be registered with the company
3.3. Bond type that does not require registration. Transfer of debentures to change hands, it only has to deliver the shares without endorsement
.Investing in debentures of individual investors will have to contact the trading bond trade dealers, most of which are commercial banks with total securities 46 who is a member of the Thai bond dealing Center (TBDC). Of the TBDC is http:www.thaibdc.or.th/
The stock exchange of Thailand, the Thai bond for retail Thailand tape system for bond bangborisat, but rarely the khati fanak today. That would take some time. Most of the investment in bonds is likely to be traded among institutional clients because the bonds are generally very big limit is 10 million lakan. Buying and selling small food is often difficult and not well. Because it does not require much money, liquidity, including no tax
.The advantages of issuing bonds versus issuing stock
The difference between the two types of stocks are apparently had canceled the company's shareholders will be entitled to recover a refund of their own before because it is a loan, but ordinary shareholders are the last to get the rebate. If the company does not have to pay because it owns
.Issuance of debentures has advantages when compared with equity capital (shares) is
1. Former shareholders did not lose the right to Executive jobs, because the shareholders loans are payable as an entrepreneurial
2. Dividends to ordinary shareholders are not able to be deducted as an expense to the tax savings, while the interest expense from the issuance of debentures was much less as an expense, income tax affairs less
3. If the parties can bring the money received from the issuance of bonds to yield management, is higher than the interest cost of bonds, and then to make a net profit of equity holders of higher
4. The interest cost of bonds is generally lower than the gross dividend be paid to the holders of ordinary shares regarding purchase
bonds to long-term investments
. Bringing the surplus value of debentures to the interest deduction adjustments to get it called Premium amortization
bringing best value low or discount bonds to improve the interest rate, called the Discount accumulation
.Calculating the Premium Discount amortization and accumulation is one of the methods as follows:
1. How straight (Straight lime method)
2. how compound interest (Compound interest method)
long-term investment bond
accounting on long-term investments of debentures
.The main trail about long-term investments of debentures with guidelines as follows:
1. Buy bonds for interest payment
For example, 10% debentures trading ventures in January 1, 1 1 × 25.0 shares par value per 100 baht per share price set at 105 baht, pay interest once a year is every January 1 of every year saves by securities trading margin debit
-105000 credit bond cash
105000 price calculation costs
100 × 10 = 1000 to buy stocks, 0 (100,0 × 105/100) = 105000
2. buy debentures during the period of interest, for example, bond trading Affairs
10% on March 1 of 1 × 25 1000 baht per share price set at 102 baht December 31 of every year, every coupon acts to save
.Debit sales margin securities-bonds of interest received
102000 (accrued interest) 1667
cash
103667 credit if the following acts have been of interest to save cash debit credit
10000 10000 interest received or debit 10000 cash
. Credit the accrued interest is the interest
1667 8333 accounting revaluation of long-term investments for ending long term investments
whether debts and Krakow equities that are in constant demand.Of the market or the General investment the value of investments may change according to market conditions. Enterprises need to recognize the value that has changed. 3. for subsequent fiscal period end if an investment-bond prices are reduced or increased under fair value accounting price saves by debit
. List of unrealized losses, credit sales margin securities
xxx-xxx bond
.A fair price is higher than the rate recorded by the debit of securities sales, just in case
-
profit xxx credit bond Bill that has not yet occurred. Xxx
4 subsequent ending. If you sell investments to save cash, by debit
xxx.Credit sales margin securities-bonds of non-profit items
xxx. xxx
entry earnings that arise from the distribution of investment.
Xxx 5. transfers of investment categories (dirty.
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