1. Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery is a laparoscopic gynecologic
laparoscopic approach
first. The main thrust Trocar (Primary trocar placement) to open the abdomen. And cause the wind in the abdomen. (Pnuemoperitoneum) can be done in many ways
a. Veress needle and primary trocar insertion: a patient lying down. Pull the wall of the stomach to increase the distance between the navel and blood vessels in the abdomen stabbed Veress needle into the pelvic bone by an angle of 45 ° after putting gas in the abdomen, put primary trocar with cover in line with the Veress Needle
B. Direct. trocar insertion: a stab primary trocar without Veress needle prick before
c. Open laparoscopy: the slits open anterior rectus fascia using a clamp and then pushed to access the abdominal cavity, then put the trocar sheath with rounded end. If the casing is attached to the fascia with sutures called Hasson Technique13-14
D. Expanding Access-cannulas: a Veress needle stabbed in the abdomen with gas insert and then remove the Veress needle and then insert a new casing that can be expanded to take off. Veress needle sleeve and then expand to a diameter of 5-10 mm, 15
E. Left upper quadrant insertion: in the event of a large mass in the pelvic floor, wondering membrane in the abdominal wall. Or second trimester of pregnancy The wound down to under the ribcage 3 cm in the middle of the left collarbone. Pull the skin around the belly Then insert the tube into the abdomen at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal
2. Put gas in the abdomen (Abdominal insufflation): Commonly used carbon dioxide to a pressure of 15-20 mmHg
3. To read Trocar secondary (Placement of secondary trocars): After knowing the position of the epigastric vessels and secondary trocar was stabbed in the torso low, it's three centimeters above the pubis or side 8 cm and 8 cm above the pubis central body
4. Surgery using robotics (Robotic surgery): The surgeon controls the instruments through the control panel. This approach helps make the surgery easier when compared with laparoscopic surgery typically
five. Natural orifice transluminal surgery: put a camera into the abdomen through a body orifice (mouth, anus and vagina) 16
6. Single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS): laparoscopic surgery. Through a single incision
care after surgery,
patients should be advised about the events that may occur as complications. Before surgery After laparoscopic gynecological symptoms are improved by approximately 3-7 days after surgery. The pain is most on the first day after surgery. It then steadily improved. Incisions should be strong and almost as normal within the first week. Bowel function returned to normal may take several days. It should be noted that the main symptom is abdominal pain. Especially if the grown-up With signs of injury to the bowel and bladder. This could take hours or days if no complications. Patients can return to normal operation within 72 hours (except in cases of hysterectomy. Avoid heavy lifting up to 15 pounds in the first month) follow-up appointment 2-4 weeks after surgery,
2. Myelography is the nervous system, spinal
cord and a special examination for pathological conditions within or outside the spinal. By injection modalities (nonionic water-soluble contrast media) into the spinal cord. (Subarachnoid space) by means of a lumbar puncture (lumbar. puncture) at L2-L3 or L3-L4, but if there is a need to avoid. Drilling this area because of a lump or abscess or CSF penetration was not necessary to drill a C1-C2 (lateral cervical puncture) the modalities injected into the spinal cord. It shows the extent of the thecal sac and nerve root sleeves which are within the spinal cord and nerves. You can show the location and size of the pathology. That in any part of the spine. And diagnosis or diagnosis of pathological conditions occur. In the non-MRI Myelography is a way of showing pathology in the spinal best. Especially if used in conjunction with CT (CT myelography) is currently in hospital MRI machine, which can show the pathology of the spine better. And an examination with less risk. The number of patients who received the Myelography reduced but was still required in patients mattresses, flat face, not fear or taboo examination. MRI
examination order myelography is divided into three parts: Cervical, Thoracic and Lumbar Myelography depending on location. The suspect is a pathology which has a history. Physical examination and neurological nursing before , if you have a history .. To inform staff or doctors - seafood allergies - history of convulsions before the first day to drink a lot of water, about 10 glasses in a color that has been injected in the afternoon. Do not eat lunch in the amount of nursing after one. In the first eight hours of sleep will make head 30 degrees to prevent fluid flow into the brain irritation 2. After eight hours of sleep for 24 hours to get into the bathroom. And back to bed for an hour 3. Drink plenty of water per 1 cup water to help dilute the kidneys and excreted faster Teg not remain in the body 4. eating normally. In patients with nausea Medical vomiting May IVs 5. If there is pain. Advise staff To painkillers 6. If the symptoms below, immediately notify the authorities. Chorea symptoms Or contracting with numbness and weakness in the legs than before. Headache Nausea, vomiting, urine within eight hours a leakage of blood. Or cerebrospinal fluid around the needle three. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic radiation with a tool for monitoring organs within the body. Guided by the principle of electromagnetic waves to create an image. Which can provide detailed, sharp images. And can detect abnormalities of body organs. Very well how to make one. Radiation nurse or patient taken to an examination room. And positioning of the patient for the examination. In cases where patients make lower abdomen. To get into the park modalities anal about 100-200 cc. And in female patients. May have to put pads are inserted into the vagina. To separate the vagina from other tissues. Depending on the discretion of the Radiologist 2. Intravenous injection modalities. The X-ray contrast imaging
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