The feeding trial was conducted at Fuchuan sheep farm, Bayannaoer city, Inner Mongolia, China (40°59′47″ N latitude and 107°34′50″ E longitude). The experiment lasted for 120 days, beginning on May 28, 2013 and ending on September 24, 2013. The climate of the location is classified as temperate continental monsoon climate. Maximum environmental temperatures registered throughout the experiment varied from 22°C to 36°C. The experiment was approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committee of China Agricultural University with the criteria in the Guide for the Care of Laboratory Animals (Beijing, China).
Animals and diets
Twenty-eight Bamei male lambs (a meat-type sheep developed in 2007) with average age of 3 months±10 days, an average initial live weight of 19.34±2.21 kg and the same genetic background were equally assigned, on the basis of body weight, into 4 dietary treatments of 7 animals each. All animals were kept in individual pens (2.5×1 m2) with sand bedding in an open-side barn, with a roof but without walls. All lambs were placed on the sunny side of shed in a line across the lateral direction and they were allowed visual contact with each other and had ad libitum
access to water. The experimental period lasted 120 days and was preceded by an adaption period of two weeks.
Food grade lycopene powder (10.84% lycopene) was produced by Shanxi Sciphar Hi-tech Industry Co., Ltd, Xi’an, China. The control group (LP0) was fed a basal diet without lycopene supplementation. The other three groups were fed the basal diet with dietary lycopene supplementation at levels of 50 (LP50), 100 (LP100), and 200 (LP200) mg lycopene/kg feed, respectively. The ingredients and chemical composition of the basal diet, which was formulated according to NRC (2007), are shown in Table 1. The feed samples destined for chemical analyses were taken at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the experimental period, then were pooled and analyzed in triplicate for crude protein (AOAC, 2000), neutral detergent fiber fractions and acid detergent fiber fractions (Van Soest et al., 1991). Gross energy content was measured using an adiabatic bomb calorimeter (Parr 1261, Parr Instrument Company, Moline, IL, USA). The crude fat was determined by extracting the sample with petroleum ether using an automatic soxhlet extractor (Gerhardt Analytical Systems, Konigswinter, Germany). During the trial, each lamb was fed twice daily at 6:00 and 17:00. Orts were recorded daily.
The feeding trial was conducted at Fuchuan sheep farm, Bayannaoer city, Inner Mongolia, China (40°59′47″ N latitude and 107°34′50″ E longitude). The experiment lasted for 120 days, beginning on May 28, 2013 and ending on September 24, 2013. The climate of the location is classified as temperate continental monsoon climate. Maximum environmental temperatures registered throughout the experiment varied from 22°C to 36°C. The experiment was approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committee of China Agricultural University with the criteria in the Guide for the Care of Laboratory Animals (Beijing, China).Animals and dietsTwenty-eight Bamei male lambs (a meat-type sheep developed in 2007) with average age of 3 months±10 days, an average initial live weight of 19.34±2.21 kg and the same genetic background were equally assigned, on the basis of body weight, into 4 dietary treatments of 7 animals each. All animals were kept in individual pens (2.5×1 m2) with sand bedding in an open-side barn, with a roof but without walls. All lambs were placed on the sunny side of shed in a line across the lateral direction and they were allowed visual contact with each other and had ad libitumaccess to water. The experimental period lasted 120 days and was preceded by an adaption period of two weeks.Food grade lycopene powder (10.84% lycopene) was produced by Shanxi Sciphar Hi-tech Industry Co., Ltd, Xi'an, China. The control group (LP0) was fed a basal diet without lycopene supplementation. The other three groups were fed the basal diet with dietary lycopene supplementation at levels of 50 (LP50), 100 (LP100), and 200 (LP200) mg lycopene/kg feed, respectively. The ingredients and chemical composition of the basal diet, which was formulated according to NRC (2007), are shown in Table 1. The feed samples destined for chemical analyses were taken at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the experimental period, then were pooled and analyzed in triplicate for crude protein (AOAC, 2000), neutral detergent fiber fractions and acid detergent fiber fractions (Van Soest et al., 1991). Gross energy content was measured using an adiabatic bomb calorimeter (Parr 1261, Parr Instrument Company, Moline, IL, USA). The crude fat was determined by extracting the sample with petroleum ether using an automatic soxhlet extractor (Gerhardt Analytical Systems, Konigswinter, Germany). During the trial, each lamb was fed twice daily at 6:00 and 17:00. Orts were recorded daily.
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The feeding trial was conducted at Fuchuan sheep farm, Bayannaoer city, Inner Mongolia, China (40 ° 59'47 "N latitude and 107 ° 34'50" E longitude). The experiment lasted for 120 days, beginning on May 28, 2013 and ending on September 24, 2013. The climate of the location is classified as temperate continental monsoon climate. Maximum environmental temperatures registered throughout the experiment varied from 22 ° C to 36 ° C. The experiment was Approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committee of China Agricultural University with the criteria in the Guide for the Care of Laboratory Animals (Beijing, China).
Animals and diets
Twenty-Eight Bamei male Lambs (a Meat-Type Sheep developed in 2007. ) with average age of 3 months ± 10 days, an average initial live weight of 19.34 ± 2.21 kg and the same genetic background were equally assigned, on the basis of body weight, into 4 dietary treatments of 7 animals each. All animals were kept in individual pens (2.5 × 1 m2) with sand bedding in an open-side barn, with a roof but without walls. Placed on the Sunny Side Lambs were all of Shed Across the lateral direction in a line and they were each allowed Other Visual Contact with Ad libitum and had
Access to Water. The Experimental period lasted 120 days and was preceded by an adaption period of Two weeks.
Food grade Powder lycopene (lycopene 10.84%) was produced by Hi-Tech Industry Co. Shanxi Sciphar, Ltd, Xi'an, China. The control group (LP0) was fed a basal diet without lycopene supplementation. The other three groups were fed the basal diet with dietary lycopene supplementation at levels of 50 (LP50), 100 (LP100), and 200 (LP200) mg lycopene / kg feed, respectively. The ingredients and chemical composition of the basal diet, which was formulated according to NRC (2007), are shown in Table 1. The feed samples destined for chemical analyses were taken at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the experimental period. , then were pooled and analyzed in triplicate for crude protein (AOAC, 2000), neutral detergent fiber fractions and acid detergent fiber fractions (Van Soest et al., 1991). Gross energy content was measured using an adiabatic bomb calorimeter (Parr 1261, Parr Instrument Company, Moline, IL, USA). The crude fat was determined by extracting the sample with petroleum ether using an automatic soxhlet extractor (Gerhardt Analytical Systems, Konigswinter, Germany). During the trial, each lamb was fed twice daily at 6:00 and 17:00. Orts were recorded daily.
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