Openness and closedness refer to the nature of the boundaries a family establishes around family members and between itself and other systems. The more input family members accept from other family members, or a family allows from other systems, the more it is an open system. Conversely, the less input permitted, the more closed. As with morphogenesis and morphostasis, in the well-functioning family, a healthy balance between the two extremes seems most desirable.
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