Catford (1965) saw translation as a process and compares it to an operation done on languages by replacing a text in one language-called a source language - by the text in another language -called a target language. Translation is a craft made by a translator who tries to replace a message or statement in a source language by the same message or statement in a target language. Nida and Taber(1969) future added that meaning and style of translated texts should remain equivalent to those of original text.
Translation is the action of interpretation of the meaning of a text, and subsequent production of an equivalent text, also called a translation, that communicates the same message in another language. The text to be translated is called the source text, and the language it is to be translated into is called the target language; the final product is sometimes called the "target text.