Sir Isaac Newton PRS MP (/ ˈ nju ː t ə n /; [] 25 8 December 1642 - 20 March 1726 / 7 []) 1 was an English physicist and mathematician. (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher.") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists. Of all time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution.His book Philosophi æ Naturalis Principia Mathematica ("Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy."), first published. In 1687 laid the, foundations for classical mechanics. Newton made seminal contributions to optics and he, shares credit. With Gottfried Leibniz for the development of calculus.
Newton 's Principia formulated the laws of motion and universal. Gravitation.Which dominated scientists' view of the physical universe for the next three centuries. By deriving Kepler 's laws of planetary. Motion from his mathematical description of gravity and then, using the same principles to account for the trajectories. Of comets the, precession, tides the of the equinoxes and other phenomena,,Newton removed the last doubts about the validity of the heliocentric model of the cosmos. This work also demonstrated. That the motion of objects on Earth and of celestial bodies could be described by the same principles. His prediction that. The Earth should be shaped as an oblate spheroid was later vindicated by the measurements of Maupertuis La Condamine and,,, Others.Which helped convince most Continental European scientists of the superiority of Newtonian mechanics over the earlier system. Of Descartes.
Newton built the first practical reflecting telescope and developed a theory of colour based on the observation. That a prism decomposes white light into the many colours of the visible spectrum. He formulated an empirical law, of coolingStudied the speed of sound and introduced, the notion of a Newtonian fluid. In addition to his work, on calculus as a mathematician. Newton contributed to the study of, power series generalised the binomial theorem to non-integer exponents developed a,, Method for approximating the roots of a function and classified, most of the cubic plane curves.
.Newton was a fellow of Trinity College and the second Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of, Cambridge. He was a devout but unorthodox, Christian and unusually for a member of the Cambridge Faculty of, the day he refused to. Take holy orders in the Church, of England perhaps because he privately rejected the doctrine of the Trinity. Beyond his. Work on the, Mathematical SciencesNewton dedicated much of his time to the study of Biblical chronology and alchemy but most, of his work in those areas. Remained unpublished until long after his death. In his later life Newton became, President of the Royal Society. Newton. Served the British government as Warden and Master of the Royal Mint.
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