CHAPTER 2LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Phyll

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Phyllathus emblica L.
2.1.1 Taxa and Classification of Phyllanthus emblica L. (4, 27)
Kingdom : Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom : Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
Superdivision : Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
Division : Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
Class : Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass : Rosidae
Order : Euphobiales
Family : Euphobiaceae (Spurge family)
Genus : Phyllanthus L. (leaf flower)
Species : Phyllanthus emblica L. (emblic)
Plant Synonyms : Emblica officinalis Gaertn.
Common names : Emblica, Amala, Indian gooseberry
Phyllanthus emblica Linn., formerly Phyllanthus emblica L., is known in Thai name as Ma-Kham-Pom (4, 5) and commonly called Emblica, Amala or Indian gooseberry. It has a habitat in tropical and subtropical forest in South East Asia and South Asia.Description of the plant: (5, 6) P. emblica is a small or medium-sized tree, up to 20 m high, deciduous, with crooked trunk and spreading branches; bark greenish gray, peeling off in conchoidal flakes; branchlets glabrous or finely pubescent 10 to 20 cm long.
Leaves imbricate when young, subsessile, 0.5 to 2.5 cm by 1.5 to 5.5 mm, closely set along the branchlets, distichous, light green, glabrous, narrowly-linear, obtuse, having appearance of pinnate leaves; stipules minute, ovate, finely acute. P. emblica is flowering in May to July, male and female flowers borne in the same tree. The flowers are small, monoecious, apetalous, greenish yellow, in axillary fascicles on the leaf-bearing branchlets, often on the naked portion below the leaves, with fimbricate bracts at the base. Male flowers are numerous, on short slender pedicel; calyx-lobes 6, oblong, obtuse, 1.2 mm long; anthers 3; filaments united in a short central column; diskglands 6 alternating with the calyx-segments. Female flowers are few, subsessile or sessile; calyx as in the male; ovary 3-celled, half immersed in the lacerate, cup-shaped disk; style connate at the base; stigmata 3, bibbed, lobes dilated, recurved. Fruits are sessile, 1.3 to 2.7 cm in diameter, fleshy, globose or depress globose, with 6 longitudinal faint lines, glabrous, lucid, pale yellow; endocarp of triangular cocci, bony, dehiscent, with 3 short bundles of vascular tissue at the base. It has 6 seeds with trigonous. The scatted picture of female, male flower and fruiting twig of P. emblica is shown in
P. emblica is a rich source of vitamin C and phenolic compounds (18) It is used in anaemia, jaundice, and dyspepsia. It is a good liver tonic and also used as expectorant, antidiuretic, antidiarrheal, antipyretic, and antiscury (5).

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Phyllathus emblica L.
2.1.1 Classification of Phyllanthus emblica L. Taxa and (4, 27)
Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (Vascular Plants)
Superdivision: Spermatophyta (Seed Plants)
Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering. Plants)
Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
Subclass: Rosidae
Order: Euphobiales
Family: Euphobiaceae (Spurge Family)
Genus: Phyllanthus L. (Leaf Flower)
Species: Phyllanthus emblica L. (Emblic)
Plant Synonyms: Emblica officinalis Gaertn.
Common names: Emblica. , Amala, Indian Gooseberry
Phyllanthus emblica Linn., Formerly Phyllanthus emblica L., is Known in Thai name As Ma-Kham-Pom (4, 5) and commonly Called Emblica, Amala or Indian Gooseberry. It has a habitat in tropical and subtropical forest in South East Asia and South Asia.Description of the plant: (5, 6) P. emblica is a small or medium-sized tree, up to 20 m high, deciduous, with crooked trunk. and spreading branches; bark greenish gray, peeling off in conchoidal flakes; branchlets glabrous or finely pubescent 10 to 20 cm long.
Leaves imbricate When Young, subsessile, 0.5 to 2.5 cm by 1.5 to 5.5 mm, closely Set Along The branchlets, Distichous, light Green, glabrous, narrowly-Linear, OBTUSE, having appearance of. pinnate leaves; stipules minute, ovate, finely acute. P. emblica is flowering in May to July, male and female flowers borne in the same tree. The flowers are small, monoecious, apetalous, greenish yellow, in axillary fascicles on the leaf-bearing branchlets, often on the naked portion below the leaves, with fimbricate bracts at the base. Male flowers are numerous, on short slender pedicel; calyx-lobes 6, oblong, obtuse, 1.2 mm long; anthers 3; filaments united in a short central column; diskglands 6 alternating with the calyx-segments. Female flowers are few, subsessile or sessile; calyx as in the male; ovary 3-celled, half immersed in the lacerate, cup-shaped disk; style connate at the base; stigmata 3, bibbed, lobes dilated, recurved. Fruits are sessile, 1.3 to 2.7 cm in diameter, fleshy, globose or depress globose, with 6 longitudinal faint lines, glabrous, lucid, pale yellow; endocarp of triangular cocci, bony, dehiscent, with 3 short bundles of vascular tissue at the base. It has 6 seeds with trigonous. The scatted picture of female, male Flower and fruiting twig of P. emblica is shown in
P. emblica is a rich source of vitamin C and phenolic compounds (18) It is used in anaemia, jaundice, and dyspepsia. It is a good liver tonic and also used as expectorant, antidiuretic, antidiarrheal, antipyretic, and antiscury (5).