DiscussionIn this Thai population-b

Discussion
In this Thai population-based study, we found a
12.0 % incidence rate of PIH in GDM or GMH-affected
gravidas; 17/198 (8.6%) in GMH and 35/236 (14.8%)
in GDM women. The incidence was slightly lower than
that 14.7% in previous study of Vambergue, et al(2)
which was conducted in French people, but was higher
than the 9.0 % incidence rate in Japanese populationbased
study of Miyakoshi, et al.(3) A variety of the
incidence rates among these three studies may lie on
the differences of population characteristics, ethnicity,
as well as criteria used for GDM screening and
diagnosis. Nevertheless, the results from the present
and previous studies were in the same direction that
the incidence of PIH in women with GDM or GMH was
higher than those reported in general population. (2-4)
In the present study, we found that obesity was the
only independent factor associated with development of
PIH in women affected by GDM or GMH. Some authors
hypothesized that such association might be related to
the mechanism of insulin resistance. In support of this
hypothesis, several studies demonstrated that pregnant
women who developed hypertension in pregnancy
were relatively hyperinsulinemic and had lower insulin
sensitivity.(13-15) Based on the finding that obesity
was an independent risk factor for preeclampsia or
gestational hypertension, we propose that women who
are obese should therefore be encouraged to achieve
an ideal body weight before becoming pregnant.
Likewise, according to the results of the present study
that the incidence of PIH in women with GDM was
higher than that in individuals with GMH (14.8% and
8.6% respectively), we suggest that the obstetricians
should closely monitor and control plasma glucose
levels of the GMH women in an attempt to avoid their
condition to turn out to be GDM.
In conclusion, the present study demonstrated
a 12.0% incidence rate of PIH in singleton women
with GDM or GMH. It is interesting to determine

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

Discussion
In this population-based Thai Study, we Found a
12.0% incidence rate of GDM or PIH in GMH-AFFECTED
Gravidas; 17/198 (8.6%) in GMH and 35/236 (14.8%)
in GDM Women. The incidence was slightly Lower than
that 14.7% in previous Study of Vambergue, et al (2)
which was conducted in French people, but was Higher
than the 9.0% incidence rate in Japanese Populationbased
Study of Miyakoshi, et al. (3) A. Variety of the
incidence among these Three Studies Rates May lie on
the differences of population characteristics, ethnicity,
as well as criteria used for GDM Screening and
diagnosis. Nevertheless, the results from the present
and previous Studies were in the Same direction that
the incidence of PIH in Women with GDM or GMH was
Higher than those reported in general population. (2-4)
In the present Study, we Found that obesity was the
only factor associated with Independent Development of
Women in PIH AFFECTED by GMH or GDM. Some Authors
hypothesized that such association might be related to
the mechanism of insulin resistance. In Support of this
hypothesis, Studies demonstrated that several pregnant
Pregnancy in Women Who developed hypertension
were relatively Hyperinsulinemic and had Lower insulin
sensitivity. (13-15) Based on Finding that the obesity
risk factor for preeclampsia was an Independent or
Gestational hypertension, we Propose. that Women Who
are obese should Therefore be encouraged to Achieve
an Ideal Body weight before becoming pregnant.
Likewise, according to the results of the present Study
that the incidence of PIH in Women with GDM was
Higher than that in individuals with GMH (14.8% and.
8.6% respectively), we suggest that the obstetricians
should closely Monitor and Control Plasma glucose
levels of the GMH Women in an attempt to Avoid their
condition to turn out to be GDM.
in conclusion, the present Study demonstrated
a 12.0% incidence rate of PIH. Singleton in Women
with GDM or GMH. It is interesting to determine