Selenium (Se) is an integral compon

Selenium (Se) is an integral component of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx). Physiological function of this enzyme have bean yet preciselly determined. Between the GSH-Px activity in seminal plasma and semen quality not found a clear relationship (LASOTA, 2002). The primary role this enzyme is detoxifies lipid peroxides and provides protection of cellular and subcellular membranes against peroxide damage. Thus, the mutual sparing effect of selenium and vitamin E stems from their shared antiperoxidant roles (KRSKA et al., 2001). GSH-Px is present both in a number of tissues and in the body fluids. Its high activity has been observed both in the organs of the reproductive system and in the fluids secreted thereby (SAARANEN et al., 1989). GSH-Px existing in seminal plasma is probably first of all synthetised in accessory sexuale glands, whereas activity of this enzyme in mature sperm is low (SMITH et al., 1979).
Besides many other functions, selenium and vitamin E are of great importance in reproductive processes. Female hyposelenosis is accompanied by retained placenta, disturbances in uterus involution and in ovarian functions, ovarian cysts, decreased fertilization rates, abortions, stillbirths, reduced litter size and decreased piglet survivability, inflammatory states of the uterus and Mastitis Metritis Agalactia syndrome in sows (CHAVEZ and PATTON, 1986; WANDURSKI, 1990;
DEMBIŃSKI et al., 1992).
Selenium also regulates male reproductive processes. High concentration of Se in testes and epididymides of the boars implies that his element is essential for the process of production and maturation of spermatozoa (HEIMANN et al., 1984; SAARANEN et al., 1989; MARIN-GUZMAN et al., 1997). Selenium is a component of mitochondrial capsule selenoprotein, which maintains the stability of spermatozoa mitochondria (KLEENE, 1993; MARIN-GUZMAN et al., 1997). Studies carried out on males belonging to various species of the farm animals have shown the positive influence of selenium on semen quality, especially on the concentration, vitality, mobility and morphological defects of spermatozoa (LIU et al., 1982; UDAŁA et al., 1995; MARIN-GUZMAN et al., 1997, 2000).
On the contrary, other studies demonstrated that an addition of selenium to diet did not improve the semen quality of boars (SEGERSON et al., 1981; HENSON et al., 1983). Probably, selenium was not deficient in the animals in those studies and therefore no influence was observed of the element on the reproductive processes of the males. This suggestion has a confirmation in the studies by HEIMANN et al. (1984).
So far, selenium requirements have not been precisely established either for swine or for other livestock animals. According to the NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL (1998) or the NORM OF PIGS NUTRITIONS (1993), selenium requirements of swine ranges between 0.1 and 0.3 mg per 1 kg of ration. In the European Union, 0.5 mg of Se per 1 kg of ration is considered as a safe and legally acceptable level. The aim of the present paper is to estimate the influence of increased addition of selenium and vitamin E on reproductive performance of young boars.

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

Selenium (Se) is an integral component of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx). Physiological function of this enzyme have bean yet preciselly determined. Between the GSH-Px activity in seminal plasma and semen quality not found a clear relationship (LASOTA, 2002). The primary role this enzyme is detoxifies lipid peroxides and provides protection of cellular and subcellular membranes against peroxide damage. Thus, the mutual sparing effect of selenium and vitamin E stems from their shared antiperoxidant roles (KRSKA et al., 2001). GSH-Px is present both in a number of tissues and in the body fluids. Its high activity has been observed both in the organs of the reproductive system and in the fluids secreted thereby (SAARANEN et al., 1989). GSH-Px existing in seminal Plasma is probably First of all Synthetised in Accessory Sexuale glands, whereas Activity of this enzyme in mature Sperm is low (SMITH et al., 1979).
Besides many Other functions, selenium and Vitamin E are of Great importance. in reproductive processes. Female hyposelenosis is accompanied by retained placenta, disturbances in uterus involution and in ovarian functions, ovarian cysts, decreased fertilization rates, abortions, stillbirths, reduced litter size and decreased piglet survivability, inflammatory states of the uterus and Mastitis Metritis Agalactia syndrome in sows (CHAVEZ. and PATTON, 1986; WANDURSKI, 1 990;
DEMBIŃSKI et al., 1992nd).
Selenium also regulates male Reproductive processes. High concentration of Se in testes and epididymides of the boars implies that his element is essential for the process of production and maturation of spermatozoa (HEIMANN et al., 1984; SAARANEN et al., 1989; MARIN-GUZMAN et al., 1997). . Selenium is a component of mitochondrial capsule selenoprotein, which maintains the stability of spermatozoa mitochondria (KLEENE, 1993; MARIN-GUZMAN et al., 1997). Studies carried out on males belonging to various species of the farm animals have shown the positive influence of selenium on semen quality, especially on the concentration, vitality, mobility and morphological defects of spermatozoa (LIU et al., 1982; UDAŁA et al.,. 1 995; MARIN-GUZMAN et al., 1997, the 2,000th).
On the contrary, Other Studies demonstrated that an addition of selenium to diet did not improve the semen quality of boars (SEGERSON et al., 1981st; Henson et al., 1,983th. ). Probably, selenium was not deficient in the animals in those studies and therefore no influence was observed of the element on the reproductive processes of the males. This suggestion has a confirmation in the studies by HEIMANN et al. (The 1,984th).
So Far, selenium requirements have not been precisely established either for Swine or for Other Livestock animals. According to the NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL (1998) or the NORM OF PIGS NUTRITIONS (1993), selenium requirements of swine ranges between 0.1 and 0.3 mg per 1 kg of ration. In the European Union, 0.5 mg of Se per 1 kg of ration is considered as a safe and legally acceptable level. The aim of the present paper is to estimate the influence of increased addition of selenium and vitamin E on reproductive performance of young boars.