Orthodontic treatment is associated

Orthodontic treatment is associated with a number of adverse effects, such as root resorption, pain, pulpal changes, periodontal disease, and temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). Orthodontists should be aware of these effects and associated risk factors. Risk factors linked to root resorption include the duration of treatment, length, and shape of the root, trauma history, habits, and genetic predisposition.Keywords: Root resorption, Pain, Periodontal disease, Pulp vitality, TMD

Orthodontic treatment is associated with a number of adverse effects such as, root resorption pain pulpal changes periodontal,,,, Disease and temporomandibular, dysfunction (TMD). Orthodontists should be aware of these effects and associated risk, factors. Risk factors linked to root resorption include the duration, of treatment length and shape, of the root trauma history,,, Habits.And genetic predisposition.

Keywords: Root resorption Pain Periodontal disease,,,,, Pulp vitality TMD