Similarly, C. botulinum Group II ce

Similarly, C. botulinum Group II cells also appear to burst out of their coat and

exosporium, before elongation and division.

Furthermore, previous observations with

C. sporogenes concluded that emergence of the cell was due to proteases that digested the spore coats and then the exosporium.

In comparison our findings show that, at least in this strain, C. sporogenes emergence is a slow process of sufficient duration to allow the cell to

form a septum before eventual release from the exosporium.

We have also observed similar gradual cell release from the exosporium,

by phase contrast microscopy, with B. cereus (S. C. Stringer, M. D. Webb, unpublished data).

Emerging cells always exited through the pre-existing aperture or sporiduct leaving behind an exosporium shell (Fig. 4).

These “empty” structures were only observed in the 5hr sample time points at which stage a large proportion of free cells were evident.

Furthermore, the aperture had in increased in size (0.7e1.0 mm, at its widest point) perhaps due to thewidening during cell emergence.

Inside the exosporium shell various structures were perceived (Fig. 4a, b, c & d).

The inner open tubular structures that appear to be at least partially detached from the exosporium may represent remnant spore coats which were left behind following germination and emergence.

TEM studies have shown that a considerable portion of the spore coat remained within the exosporium following cell emergence of C. pasteurianum ATCC 6013,

C. botulinum Group I ATCC 3502 and C. botulinum Group II Eklund17B (S. C. Stringer, M. D. Webb, unpublished data).

Interestingly, as the hole of the tubular spore coat structure is aligned with the opening in the exosporiumstructure, this alignment may be genetically predetermined.


The findings presented here establish the role of the exosporium

and spore coats in germination and cell emergence in

ผลลัพธ์ (แอฟริกา) 1:

Net so, C. botulinum Groep II selle verskyn ook bars uit hul Coat en Exosporium voor verlenging en Afdeling. Verder vorige waarnemings met C. Sporogenes die gevolgtrekking gekom dat opkoms van die Cell verteer Weens die proteases dat Spore Coats en dan die Exosporium. In vergelyking ons bevindinge toon dat, ten minste in hierdie stam, is 'n stadige proses van opkoms Sporogenes C. Duur voldoende is om die Cell om Laat. vorm 'n septum voordat uiteindelike vrylating uit die Exosporium. Ons het ook waargeneem soortgelyke geleidelike vrystelling van die Cell Exosporium, Fase kontras mikroskopie deur met B. cereus (SC Stringer, MD Webb, ongepubliseerde data). Opkomende altyd opgewonde Deur die pre-selle. bestaande opening of Sporiduct agtergelaat n Exosporium Shell (Fig. 4). Hierdie "Leë" strukture is eers waargeneem in die 5 uur monster tyd punte op watter stadium 'n groot deel van die vrye selle was duidelik. Verder is die diafragma het in in grootte toegeneem. (0.7e1.0 mm, op sy breedste punt) Weens miskien Thewidening Cell tydens opkoms. Binne-in die Exosporium Verskeie Shell strukture waargeneem (Fig. 4a, B, C & D). Die Inner oop buisvormige Strukture wat blyk te wees op. minste gedeeltelik los van die Exosporium Mei Coats wat verteenwoordig Oorblyfsel Spore ontkieming en opkoms agtergelaat volgende. TEM Studies het getoon dat 'n aansienlike gedeelte van die Spore gebly Coat Binne Exosporium na die opkoms van Cell C. Pasteurianum ATCC 6013, C. botulinum C. botulinum Groep I en II Group Eklund17B ATCC 3502 (SC Stringer, MD Webb, ongepubliseerde data). Interessant genoeg, soos die opening van die buis struktuur is Spore Coat In ooreenstemming met die opening in die Exosporiumstructure hierdie belyning kan geneties voorafbepaalde. hier het die bevindinge te vestig die rol van die Exosporium en spoorontkieming in Coats en opkoms in Cell.