Mother chapter.Article suppose to produce financial statements.1. accrual basis (accrual basic) list and the accounting events will be recognized when incurred (earned), not when cash is received or paid (realized) or receive or pay anything, which can be turned into cash. future dadai (realizable) in addition to various lists recorded and shown in the financial statement based on the series was born.SampleSold for cash or credit sales of goods revenue occurs, if there is a transfer of risk and reward that is the essence of ownership of the goods to the buyer. Therefore, the recognition of revenue based on the rigid story happens not to receive payment as revenue recognition criteria, but if the customer paid in advance for goods. The revenue has not occurred because there is no transfer of risk and reward that is the essence of ownership of the goods to the buyer. This situation is recognized as deferred revenue or liabilities.Costs in cash or accrued expenses are expenses incurred. If you are already in service. Although it will be paid in cash or by money not yet treated as expenses in the period incurred by the holder or non-paying, but if a prepaid expense is an expense that has not yet occurred because the service has not yet been given, but there is a settlement. This situation is recognized as prepaid expenses or assets.Using the accrual basis in the preparation of the financial statements will cause the data displayed in the financial statements reflect the financial position and results of operations of the joint venture has been tongkwa the cash basis (basic cash) because the financial statements should provide information in the past occurred, does not show the receipt or payment of cash or cash equivalents.2. continuous operation (going concern), the joint venture has no intention or need to reduce the size of the liquidation or significant operations. This fictional text is very important if you don't have any say. To define the period or fiscal period will be very difficult because it cannot be predicted whether the venture will be cancelled when the. In addition to measuring the value of the asset. Not the original cost price or prices may be an appropriate alternative, but requires mandatory sales price, if the liquidation is expected in the near future. In addition, there is the issue of depreciation or amortization of the assets deteriorate because could not estimate the service life of the asset and can no longer be classified as assets and liabilities items a list circulating and non-circulating and could not recognize the party expenditure capitalization and then disposed of according to the appropriate period.But if the venture or necessary that the criteria could not be applied to continuous operation, such as the acts are in the State they are then debt or bankruptcy filing. Other criteria may be used in a joint venture to produce financial statements, but must disclose the facts about why business rules can not be used in continuous operation. Other accounts, including the disclosure of the criteria used in the preparation of the financial statements.Qualitative characteristics of financial statementsQualitative characteristics refer to the properties that make the data in the financial statements is useful to the user, which is composed of the following ways:1. understanding information in them (understandability) of financial statements to be useful to users of financial statements to economic decisions should be information that users understand financial statements, is located on the assumption that the users of financial statements with knowledge-based economic activities should be about business and accounting, as well as with the intention, according to the study should therefore prepare financial statements, although the data are complex. If the information is relevant to the decision. Parties must provide information in the financial statements. Just in case the user must be a virtual financial statements can understand the information that is displayed.2. relevant decisions (relevance) to useful information concerning decisions of financial statement users. It will involve economic decisions only if it allows the user to estimate financial events in the past. Present and future, as well as help to confirm or indicate an error of past assessments of financial statement users. To specify that the data, such as how it is related to a decision to consider all proposed methods and significant. As follows:How data is presented.2.1 information in the financial statements must present at least 2 digits and period compared to predictions of future events can be evaluated for both current and future events in the past, the better. 2.2 the information in a financial statement must be classified as beneficial decisions, such as on the balance sheet if they do not have a breakdown of assets and liabilities is circulating and non-circulating, it could not assess the financial structure, versatility and ability to repay the debt.2.3 must be normal or special, separate from the regular list.2.4 to provide information, in time to decide. Because if offers the latest information. It is not useful or relevant to the decision.A significant. ความมีนัยสำคัญ จะขึ้นอยู่กับขนาดของรายการหรือขนาดของความผิดพลาดที่เกิดขึ้นภายใต้สภาพการณ์เฉพาะซึ่งต้องพิจารณาเป็นกรณี ๆ ไป ซึ่งก็ไม่ได้หมายความว่างบการเงินต้องแสดงข้อมูลที่มีนัยสำคัญเท่านั้น ตัวอย่างเช่น เหตุการณ์ภายหลังงบดุล เช่นบริษัทต้องปิดบัญชีทุกสิ้นปี แต่ต้นปีเกิดเพลิงไหม้โรงงานเสียหาย 10 ล้านบาท กับเสียหาย 5 หมื่นบาท กรณีแรกถือว่ามีนัยสำคัญ กิจการต้องเปิดเผยไว้ในหมายเหตุประกอบงบการเงินภายใต้หัวข้อ เหตุการณ์ภายหลังวันที่งบดุล เนื่องจากขนาดของความเสียหายมีนัยสำคัญ ส่วนกรณีที่สองกิจการไม่จำเป็นต้องเปิดเผย เพราะขนาดความเสียหายไม่มีนัยสำคัญ อีกตัวอย่าง กิจการตรวจพบต้นปีลืมบันทึกค่าเสื่อมราคาเครื่องจักรของปีที่แล้ว 10 ล้านบาท กรณีดังกล่าวกิจการต้องปรับปรุงรายการนี้เป็นของปีที่แล้ว เนื่องจากขนาดของความผิดพลาดมีนัยสำคัญ ซึ่งหากกิจการไม่ปรับปรุง จะทำให้งบการเงินมีความผิดพลาด เช่นกำไรสูงเกินจริง ซึ่งอาจกระทบการตัดสินใจเชิงเศรษฐกิจ ของผู้ใช้งบการเงิน แต่ถ้าจำนวนเงินน้อยจนไม่มีนัยสำคัญก็ไม่จำเป็นต้องปรัปปรุง3. reliability (reliability) are similar.
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