Personal: There are many personal or indi - vidual-level risk factors and determinants that can influence an individual s. " Likelihood of experiencing a fall. In any comprehen - sive falls, prevention programme effective evidence-based strategies. Will need to be developed to screen for and identify indi - vidual-level risk factors known to be associ - ated with an increased. Risk for falling. The specific nature of such screening protocols will inevitably vary as a function of the re - sources. And expertise available to perform these assessments. At the most basic level evidence-based questionnaires, are available. To screen older persons for key risks fac - tors. Ideally more comprehensive, clinical examinations can be used to assess. For known risk factors such as physical Inactiv - ity decreased muscle, strength impaired balance, poor vision confusion,,,, Inadequate or inappropriate medication and / or polyp - harmacy. Accurate identification of indi - vidual-level risk factors. And determinants can greatly increase the likelihood of select - ing an appropriate prevention or treatment strategy that. Is targeted to meet the needs of the individual older person. Physical environments: There is a growing appreciation that. The nature and structure of the physical environment can signifi - cantly influence the likelihood of an indi - vidual to. Suffer a fall or fall-related injury. The WHO Active Ageing Framework un - derscores the need to ensure that the older - people. Physical environments are "age - friendly." because this can make a difference between independence and dependence. There. Is a growing base of knowledge sug - gesting that a systematic assessment of and.Attention to environmental risk factors such as unsafe sidewalks poorly lit, roadways and inaccessible, or unsafe neighborhoods. Can significantly increase the likelihood of falls among older persons. There are also many risk factors within, the homes. In which older people live that place, them at an increased risk for falling. In many countries home-safety visits have. Proved to be effective for identifying environmental risks factors that increase the risk of falling. The need to address. Environmental deter - minants of falls may be particularly acute in developing countries where many older persons are forced. To live in arrangements that are not of, their choice such as with relatives in already crowded households. In many developing. Countries the proportion, of older people living in slums and shanty towns is rising rapidly. Older people living in these. Settlements are at an increased risk for falls and fall-related injuries. Social: Older persons who have suffered from fall-related. Injuries and others who experience a fear of falling can often become isolated and disengaged from the community. Any comprehensive. Falls prevention programme will need to recog - niZe and acknowledge the critical role that social support plays in providing. Oppor - tunities for older persons to fully partici - pate in society. The WHO Active Ageing Framework recognizes that opportunities. For education and, lifelong learning peace and protection, from violence and abuse are key factors in the social environment. That enhance health Participation and, security as people age. Loneliness social, and, isolation illiteracy a lack, of education. Abuse.
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