Photocopier toners are chief components of photocopier
emissions. The effects of toner exposure have been extensively
studied in cell culture, animal models and operators
in toner manufacturing units and delineate contradictory
results. Studies [14] in cell lines reported that individual
toners are genotoxic. Animal studies found toners to be
toxicologically inert and non carcinogenic [15,16]. However,
intra-tracheal instillation of very high doses of toner
powder produced significantly increased lung tumor rates
in rats [17-19].