2.2 คำสรรพนาม ( pronoun)คือ คำที่ใช

2.2 คำสรรพนาม ( pronoun)

คือ คำที่ใช้แทนคำนามและข้อความที่กล่าวถึงมาแล้ว หรือกำลังจะกล่าวต่อไป เพื่อจะได้ไม่ต้องกล่าวซ้ำ นักศึกษาลองพิจารณาข้อความต่อไปนี้
a) Joseph is quite tall and chubby. Joseph has large dark eyes hidden behind Joseph 's gold-framed glasses. Joseph's thick eyebrows and very thin lips make Joseph look serious and unkind.

b) Joseph is quite tall and chubby. He has large dark eyes hidden behind his gold-framed glasses. His thick eyebrows and very thin lips make him look serious and unkind.

ข้อความ a) ใช้คำนามคำเดียวกันตลอดซึ่งก่อให้เกิดความซ้ำซาก ในขณะที่ข้อความ b) ใช้คำสรรพนาม
รูปต่าง ๆ แทนคำนาม Joseph จึงทำให้ข้อความสละสลวยกว่า



2.2.1 ประเภทของคำสรรพนาม คำสรรพนามอาจแบ่งออกได้เป็น 7 ประเภทดังนี้คือ

1) Personal Pronoun คือ คำสรรพนามที่ใช้แทนบุคคล ได้แก่

Person

Singular

Plural

1st person

I, my*, mine*, me

We, our*, ours*, us

2nd person

you, your*, yours*

you, your*, yours*

3rd person

he, his*, him,
she, her*, hers*,
it, its*

they, their*, theirs*, them

You should leave your tray on that table. I've already put mine there.
Narinthip donates her blood every month.
The teacher asked us to participate in a forum.

อย่างไรก็ตาม บางครั้งคำสรรพนามในตารางที่มีเครื่องหมาย* อาจจัดเป็นประเภทของ possessive pronouns ซึ่งเป็นคำสรรพนามที่แสดงความเป็นเจ้าของก็ได้

2) Demonstrative Pronoun คือ คำสรรพนามที่แสดงการชี้เฉพาะ ได้แก่ this, that, these
และ those

This is his new pocketbook.
These are Kate's belongings.

3) Indefinite Pronoun คือ คำสรรพนามที่ไม่ชี้เฉพาะ ได้แก่

Singular

everyone, everybody, everything,
someone, somebody, something,
anyone, anybody, anything, each, another, either,
one, no one, nobody, nothing, neither

Plural

others, many, several, both, few

Singular or Plural

all, more, most, some, such, any, none

Nobody is perfect.
Jack and Jill love to exercise. Both are in good health.

4) Relative Pronoun คือ คำสรรพนามที่ใช้เชื่อมประโยคย่อยไม่อิสระเข้ากับคำนาม หรือ
สรรพนามอื่นที่ต้องการขยาย ได้แก่ who, whom, whose, which และ that
( ศึกษารายละเอียดในโมดูลที่ 11 Complex Sentences: Adjective Clauses)

My niece who is married to a vet is going to have a baby.
The movie which she directs will be released soon.

5) Reflexive and Intensive Pronoun คือ คำสรรพนามที่ใช้เมื่อประธานและกรรม
เป็นคนเดียวกัน หรือสิ่งเดียวกัน ได้แก่ myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves,
yourselves, themselves ( รูป –self /-selves ของคำสรรพนามที่ใช้แทนบุคคล)

เมื่อทำหน้าที่เป็นกรรม หรือส่วนเสริมประธาน จะเรียกว่า reflexive pronoun เช่น

She cut herself when cooking.
Paul is not himself today; he may have something on his mind.

เมื่อทำหน้าที่เป็น appositive เพื่อเป็นการเน้นประธาน จะเรียกว่า intensive pronoun เช่น

I did this myself .
You have to tell him the truth yourself .

6) Interrogative Pronoun คือ คำสรรพนามที่ใช้ในการถามคำถาม เช่น who, which , what

Who wrote Harry Potter ?
Which is your bag: the black one or the brown one?
What happened at the BTS station?

7) Reciprocal Pronoun คือ คำสรรพนามที่ใช้แสดงว่าบุคคลหรือสิ่งนั้นกระทำหรือรู้สึก
เช่นเดียวกันต่อกัน

Romeo and Juliet love each other so much.
These quadruplets ( ฝาแฝดสี่คน) always take care of one another .



2.2.2 การใช้รูปต่าง ๆ ของคำสรรพนาม

รูปของคำสรรพนาม ( case) ในภาษาอังกฤษมีอยู่ด้วยกัน 3 รูปคือ
subjective ( รูปที่เป็นประธาน) ,
possessive ( รูปที่แสดงความเป็นเจ้าของ) ,
objective ( รูปที่เป็นกรรม) ดังแสดงในตาราง



Subjective Case

Possessive Case

Objective Case

Singular

I
he, she, it

my, mine
his, her, hers, its

me
him, her, it

Plural

we
they

our, ours
their, theirs

us
them

Singular or Plural

you
who

your, yours
whose

you
whom

Source: Ellsworth, Blanche and Higgins, John A. (2010). English Simplified.
Twelfth Edition. USA: Pearson Education, Inc., p. 17.



2.2.3 หน้าที่หรือตำแหน่งของคำสรรพนาม
ในประโยคภาษาอังกฤษ คำสรรพนามสามารถทำหน้าที่ หรืออยู่ในตำแหน่งเดียวกับคำนามได้
ยกเว้นส่วนเสริมกรรม ดังนี้

1) ประธาน
They save hundreds of lives.

2) กรรมตรง
I'll call you after the meeting.

3) กรรมรอง
The teacher gave her an assignment.
4) กรรมตามหลังบุพบท
All Thai people pray for him .
5) ส่วนเสริมประธาน
A: May I speak to Ms. Ananya?
B: This is she .

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 1:

2.2 speech (pronoun)Is used instead of a noun, and the text that is mentioned, or are mentioned here to be repeated must. Students consider the following: a) Joseph is quite tall and chubby. Joseph has large dark eyes hidden behind Joseph 's gold-framed glasses. Joseph's thick eyebrows and very thin lips make Joseph look serious and unkind. b) Joseph is quite tall and chubby. He has large dark eyes hidden behind his gold-framed glasses. His thick eyebrows and very thin lips make him look serious and unkind. A text, the same nouns) through which the cause again, while the b-text of speech) Images, rather than a noun, Joseph writer than text. 2.2.1. the type of pronoun pronoun may be divided into 7 categories: 1. Personal Pronoun is a pronoun that) is used instead of the person:PersonSingularPlural1st personI, my*, mine*, meWe, our*, ours*, us2nd personyou, your*, yours*you, your*, yours*3rd personhe, his*, him, she, her*, hers*, it, its*they, their*, theirs*, them You should leave your tray on that table. I've already put mine there. Narinthip donates her blood every month. The teacher asked us to participate in a forum. However, sometimes the pronoun in the table marked with * may be considered a kind of possessive pronouns, which is a pronoun that shows ownership. Demonstrative Pronoun is a pronoun) that provides guidance only: this, that, these. And those This is his new pocketbook. These are Kate's belongings. 3 Indefinite Pronoun is a pronoun that) do not point only:Singulareveryone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, each, another, either, one, no one, nobody, nothing, neitherPluralothers, many, several, both, fewSingular or Pluralall, more, most, some, such, any, none Nobody is perfect. Jack and Jill love to exercise. Both are in good health. 4. Relative Pronoun is a pronoun that) used to link dependent clause to a noun or? Other expansions include the pronoun who, whose, whom, which, and that. (Details in Complex Sentences 11 modules: Adjective Clauses). My niece who is married to a vet is going to have a baby. The movie which she directs will be released soon. Reflexive and Intensive Pronoun is 5) pronoun that is used when the President and karma. It is the same person or the same thing, including myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, Yourselves, themselves (self-/-selves of personal pronouns used instead). When acting as Chairperson, or supplements, it is called a reflexive pronoun, such as. She cut herself when cooking. Paul is not himself today; he may have something on his mind. When acting as an appositive to highlight President is called intensive pronoun, such as. I did this myself . You have to tell him the truth yourself . Interrogative Pronoun is a pronoun) used to ask questions like who, what, which. Who wrote Harry Potter ? Which is your bag: the black one or the brown one? What happened at the BTS station? 7. Reciprocal Pronoun is a pronoun that) used to show whether a person or a thing that action or feeling. Just like each other. Romeo and Juliet love each other so much. These quadruplets (four twins), always take care of one another. 2.2.2 use of pronouns As a pronoun (case) in English, there are three images is: Subjective (as Chairman), Possessive (the figure shows the ownership), Objective (as a verb), as shown in the table. Subjective CasePossessive CaseObjective CaseSingularI he, she, itmy, mine his, her, hers, itsme him, her, itPluralwe theyour, ours their, theirsus themSingular or Pluralyou whoyour, yours whoseyou whom Source: Ellsworth, Blanche and Higgins, John A. (2010). English Simplified. Twelfth Edition. USA: Pearson Education, Inc., p. 17. 2.2.3 finding the duties or the positioning of parts of speech. The English pronoun in the sentence can be served, or is in a position similar to the noun. With the exception of auxiliary verb section. Is as follows: 1) President. They save hundreds of lives. 2) Karma straight. I'll call you after the meeting. 3) secondary transactions The teacher gave her an assignment. 4.) followed by a verb bupbot All Thai people pray for him . 5) supplements Chief A: May I speak to Ms. Ananya? B: This is she .

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

2.2 pronoun (pronoun) is the term used to represent words and text as mentioned already. Or are going to say next So as not to be repeated. Students consider the following a) Joseph is quite tall and Chubby. Joseph has Large Dark eyes Hidden Behind Joseph 's Gold-framed Glasses. Joseph's Thick eyebrows and very thin lips Make Joseph Look Serious and Unkind. B) Joseph is quite. tall and chubby. He has large dark eyes hidden behind his gold-framed glasses. His thick eyebrows and very thin lips make him look serious and unkind. Text a) use the same words as nouns, which caused the monotony. While the message b) Use the pronoun instead of a noun Joseph, the message graceful than 2.2.1. This type of pronoun Pronouns may be divided into seven categories as follows: 1) Personal Pronoun is used instead of personal pronouns. Including Person Singular Plural 1st person I, My *, Mine *, Me We, our *, Ours *, US 2nd person You, your *, Yours * You, your *, Yours * 3rd person He, his *, Him, She. , Her *, * hers, it, its * they, their *, * Theirs, them You should Leave your Tray Table on that. I've already Mine Put there. Narinthip Her Blood donates every month. The teacher asked US to participate. in a forum. However, Sometimes the pronouns in table marked * may be the type of possessive pronouns, a pronoun that are owned or 2) Demonstrative Pronoun is a pronoun that show identity and this, that, these and those This is his. New pocketbook. These are Kate's Belongings. 3) Indefinite Pronoun is not demonstrative pronouns. Including Singular everyone, Everybody, everything, someone, Somebody, Something, anyone, Anybody, anything, each, another, either, one, no one, nobody, Nothing, neither Plural others, many, several, both, few Singular or Plural all. , more, Most, Some, such, any, None Nobody is Perfect. Jack and Jill Love to exercise. Both are in good Health. 4) Relative Pronouns Pronoun is used to connect small independent sentence with a noun. Or pronoun that want to expand, including who, whom, whose, which and that (details in Module 11 Complex Sentences: Adjective Clauses) My Niece Who is Married to a vet is going to have a Baby. The movie which She Directs. Will be Released Soon. 5) and Intensive Pronoun Reflexive pronouns are used when the president and the object is the same. Or the same thing, namely Myself, Yourself, himself, herself, Itself, Ourselves, Yourselves, themselves (Figure -self / -selves the use of personal pronouns) when acting as karma. Or supplement the President is called reflexive pronoun as Cut She herself when Cooking. Paul is not himself today; He May have Something on his Mind. When serving as president to emphasize appositive is called intensive pronoun like I did this myself. You have to tell Him the Truth Yourself. 6) Interrogative Pronoun is a pronoun used to ask questions like, Who, which, what Who wrote Harry Potter? Which is your bag: the Black one or the Brown one? What happened at the. BTS Station? 7) Reciprocal pronoun Pronoun is used to show that a person or thing done or felt as well as Romeo and Juliet Love each Other so much. These Quadruplets (four twins) always take Care of one another. 2.2. 2 The use of the pronoun form of pronouns (case) in English, there are three ways is subjective (Figure chairman), Possessive (The pictures ownership), Objective (that is karma. ) as shown in Table Subjective Case Possessive Case Objective Case Singular I He, She, it My, Mine his, Her, hers, its Me Him, Her, it Plural we they our, Ours their, Theirs US them Singular or Plural You Who your, Yours whose You whom. Source: Ellsworth, and Blanche Higgins, John A. (the 2,010th). English Simplified. Twelfth Edition. USA: Pearson Education, Inc., P. 17. 2.2.3 function or position of pronouns in sentences. Pronouns can act Or in the same position as the noun adjunct karma follows except one) chairman They Save Lives of hundreds. 2) direct action I'll Call You after the Meeting. 3) dative The teacher Gave Her an assignment. 4) action. after preposition All Thai people Pray for Him. 5) extension Chairman A: May I Speak to Ms. Ananya? B: This is She.

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 3:

2.2 pronouns (pronoun)

is the replacement noun and text mentioned here, or is going to say next, to be repeated. The students consider the following message
a) Joseph is quite tall and chubby. Joseph has large dark eyes hidden behind Joseph. 's gold-framed glasses.Joseph 's thick eyebrows and very thin lips make Joseph look serious and unkind.

b) Joseph is quite tall and chubby. He. Has large dark eyes hidden behind his gold-framed glasses. His thick eyebrows and very thin lips make him look serious and. Unkind.

.The text a) nouns the throughout which produces a platitude. While texts b) use pronouns
รูป various instead of the noun Joseph text graceful than

.

2.2.1 types of pronouns pronouns may be divided into 7 types as follows:

1) Personal Pronoun is pronouns instead of individuals including Person







Singular Plural 1st. Person

I my mine * *,,,, me

We our *, ours *, us



, 2nd person you your *, yours *

you your yours, *, *



, 3rd person he his *,! Him
*,,, she her hers *
it,,Its *

*,, they their theirs *, them

You should leave your tray on that table. I 've already put mine there.
Narinthip. Donates her blood every month.
The teacher asked us to participate in a forum.

.However, sometimes a pronoun in the table marked with * be classified as a type of possessive possessive pronouns pronouns which it

. 2) Demonstrative Pronoun is pronouns show specific, i.e., this that those, and these


.This is his new pocketbook.
These are Kate 's belongings.

3) Indefinite Pronoun is indefinite pronouns such as



, Singular everyone. Everybody everything
someone,,,,,, somebody something
anyone anybody anything each another,,,,,, either
one no one nobody,,, Nothing neither Plural,



others many several,,,, both few

Singular or Plural

all more most,,,,,, some such any none

Nobody is perfect.
Jack and Jill love to exercise. Both are in good health.

4) Relative Pronoun. Is the pronoun used welding ประโยคย่อย independence along with the noun or pronoun to expand, including other
who whom whose which,,,, And the that
.(a detailed study on the module 11 Complex Sentences: Adjective Clauses)

My niece who is married to a vet is going to have. A baby.
The movie which she directs will be released soon.

5) Reflexive and Intensive Pronoun is the pronoun used when the subject and the object
.It is the same, or the same as myself yourself himself,,,,,, herself itself ourselves
yourselves themselves,, (photo - self / - selves of pronouns that represent individual)

when acting as the karma or plugin president is called reflexive pronoun. Such as

.She cut herself when cooking.
Paul is not himself today; he may have something on his mind.

when acting as a appositive. In order to emphasize the president is called intensive pronoun like

I did this myself.
You have to tell him the truth yourself. .

.6) Interrogative Pronoun is the pronoun used in asking questions, such as,, who which what

Who wrote Harry Potter?
Which is. Your bag: the black one or the brown one?
What happened at the BTS station?

7) Reciprocal Pronoun is the pronoun used show that the person or thing done or felt
.