IntroductionDrying (dehydration), or pull the water out, also called heat drying is the process which is one of the ways transfer to the material with moisture to eliminate moisture from evaporation of water. The enthalpy of evaporation drying is a method of food preservation that long. The traditional method is to bring food to the Sun until dry food. Can be stored for a long time. The drying is done by reducing the moisture content of the food with water evaporation from the surface of the food. The current drying is regarded as an important route in the industry. There are many products that come from drying. The purpose of drying food, thus: in order to prolong the shelf life. In General, the food products through the water or drying, moisture, about 2-14%, making food drops to aw. To inhibit the growth of microorganisms, fungi (mold) of all types, such as yeast (yeast), bacteria (bacteria) that cause the food was (microbial spoilage) inhibits the function of the enzyme (enzyme) or slow reactions of chemical and biochemical whose water and food, causes degeneration.Waste (food spoilage), drying, food security is due to a reduction in water content in food by drying. Making food valuable water at khathi Villa (water activity) is less than 0.6, which is the level at which the microorganisms causing diseases (pathogen) can't grow as well as they can also inhibit the toxic fungus (mycotoxin), for example, of Aflatoxin. In addition, the drying is done in order to reduce the volume of food and weight make it easy to transport, consumed or used in the processing of raw materials with other methods is to create a new product that is more consumer choice. However, in order to obtain the desired product features. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the basic drying as well.The general theory of dryingMost use air drying process as an intermediary in the heat transfer from the air to the product and mass transfer moisture from the air. The heat from the air that the product is to be used in water evaporation from the products to which the products have a life like most seeds have internal structure that resembles a capillary. When you are drying in thin layers of climate characteristics (temperature, relative humidity and wind speed) On the basis of the following principles.1.1 mass and heat transfer1.1.1 release heat as heat transfer from one molecule to another one nearby molecules. Thermal conductivity are properties of the substances that make up the object, which will contain a different value for thermal conductivity depends on the temperature and heat. Thermal conductivity value of water is greater than the value of the object is to dry the dishes look solid.1.1.2 convection will occur with a doikrasae liquid cooling is taking over the space, air or gas is from a type of liquid to liquid again.1.1.3 radiation is heat transfer by radiation of heat to the food, which occurs in the case of dried food in a vacuum freezing and drying the.Practical heat transfer in drying may occur at the same time, both a 2 or 3, depending on the style, has food to dry by drying herbs is a heat transfer between convection and 2 to bring the heat by drying (drying rate) rate and humidity on chemical (moisture content) can be divided into three ranges: Figure 1.Figure 1 graph showing the relationship between the moisture and dry base with time.1. the range of adjustment of the basic conditions (Initial Adjustment Period-AB) is the default range used in drying dishes. The initial moisture content (A) of the food the sungo Yu. The surface of the food will look very clammy. Heat transfer occurs during the middle of the summer wind with the food. Make the surface temperature of food. There is a wet bulb temperature value close to (wet bulb temperature) hot air flow that is used as a medium rate of drying gradually increased until a constant drying rate interval (constant rate).2. dry rate range (Rate Constant Period-BC) is that the water inside the mobile surface material. The material is heat energy received is used to evaporate the water out of the material. The average humidity of continued material will be reduced in proportion to the time in the drying. The end of a range of fixed speeds drying in the drying rate will begin to decrease moisture of the material at this time is called the critical humidity (moisture content critical).3. drying rate range decreased (Falling Rate Period and DE CD) is low in moisture until it spread to the facial room is not continuous. The surface of the skin, dry food, making the temperature rise gradually drying rate is decreased, humidity will gradually decrease until the moisture balance (Equilibrium moisture content, XE), which is the lowest humidity. Under the conditions used in this humidity, while the drying rate is zero. Evaporation of water in food could not released.
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