This research studies soil improvement using biochar or activated charcoal together with household microorganisms and organic fertilizers to study the effectiveness of living soil and various types of charcoal on laterite soil digestion and their chemical properties and Physics of laterite soil Therefore, bamboo has been used to make biochar or activated charcoal as a soil improvement material. By studying the composition characteristics of each type of charcoal using Surface area and Pore size analyzer (BET) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) methods, and studying the composition characteristics of laterite soil with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and studying various factors affecting the soil and Plant growth using pH meter and Conductometer methods for measurement. Results of the study on the morphology of materials by SEM technique found that when the four types of charcoal were compared, it could be seen that activated charcoal Bamboo Charcoal, Bamboo Biochar And eucalyptus activated carbon has similar porous characteristics. But mixed wood activated carbon is different from other types because mixed wood activated carbon has pores that are not deep and the pores are arranged in parallel lengths. The surface of the whole charcoal The four types have similar characteristics and the pore sizes of the four types of charcoal are very similar, and laterite soils are different from red clay or horse liver soil, clay, mixed rock, and Clearly sandy loam, that is, laterite soil, has an angular shape. But the size of the soil grains is not much different from other types. The results of the composition study by the EDS technique found that other elements were added. The results of the surface and pore analysis by the BET technique found that the results of the BET analysis The surface area of various types of charcoal can be seen that the surface area of biochar is as high as 364.03 (m2 /g) and that of bamboo charcoal is 82.392 (m2 /g). The effect of the proportion of living soil on pH, EC and TDS when Considering the effect of the ratio of laterite soil to living soil on both pH, EC, and TDS, it was found that between 10 days and 40 days, every experimental condition (1) – (6) had a decrease in EC and TDS values, with the change being found to decrease significantly. severe in the results of the 10-day experiment. However, if we consider the pH value, there are two trends in changing conditions: experimental conditions (1), (2), and (3). The pH value tends to increase slightly. Experimental conditions (4), (5), and (6) which had a higher proportion of living soil. The pH values from the 10-day experiment were severely reduced, possibly due to the mechanism of action of living soil microorganisms. Then there was a tendency to remain constant between 12 days and 40 days and when considering the effect of laterite soil with different types of charcoal on the pH, EC and TDS values, it was found that between 10 days and 40 days the pH values of various types of charcoal from the experiment were found to be 100. and the changes tend to increase It is expected that when the proportion of fermented water increases, it will have value. The change increased in pH value, decreased in EC and TDS values of various types of charcoal. From the experiment, it was found that the percentage change tended to decrease. It is expected that when the proportion of fermented water increases, it will have value. change decrease It may be caused by microorganisms interacting with charcoal causing changes.
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