ฉันรักแปลA systematic overview of m

ฉันรักแปลA systematic overview of more than 100 studies comparing organic and conventional farming finds that the crop yields of organic agriculture are higher than previously thought. The study, conducted by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, also found that certain practices could further shrink the productivity gap between organic crops and conventional farming.
The study, to be published online in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, tackles the lingering perception that organic farming, while offering an environmentally sustainable alternative to chemically intensive agriculture, cannot produce enough food to satisfy the world's appetite.
"In terms of comparing productivity among the two techniques, this paper sets the record straight on the comparison between organic and conventional agriculture," said the study's senior author, Claire Kremen, professor of environmental science, policy and management and co-director of the Berkeley Food Institute. "With global food needs predicted to greatly increase in the next 50 years, it's critical to look more closely at organic farming because, aside from the environmental impacts of industrial agriculture, the ability of synthetic fertilizers to increase crop yields has been declining."
The researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 115 studies -- a dataset three times greater than previously published work -- comparing organic and conventional agriculture. They found that organic yields are about 19.2 percent lower than conventional ones, a smaller difference than in previous estimates.
The researchers pointed out that the available studies comparing farming methods were often biased in favor of conventional agriculture, so this estimate of the yield gap is likely overestimated. They also found that taking into account methods that optimize the productivity of organic agriculture could minimize the yield gap. They specifically highlighted two agricultural practices -- multi-cropping (growing several crops together on the same field) and crop rotation -- that would substantially reduce the organic-to-conventional yield gap to 9 percent and 8 percent, respectively.
The yields also depended upon the type of crop grown, the researchers found. There were no significant differences in organic and conventional yields for leguminous crops, such as beans, peas and lentils.
"Our study suggests that through appropriate investment in agroecological research to improve organic management and in breeding cultivars for organic farming systems, the yield gap could be reduced or even eliminated for some crops or regions," said the study's lead author, Lauren Ponisio, a graduate student in environmental science, policy and management. "This is especially true if we mimic nature by creating ecologically diverse farms that harness important ecological interactions like the nitrogen-fixing benefits of intercropping or cover-cropping with legumes."
The researchers suggest that organic farming can be a very competitive alternative to industrial agriculture when it comes to food production.
"It's important to remember that our current agricultural system produces far more food than is needed to provide for everyone on the planet," said Kremen. "Eradicating world hunger requires increasing the access to food, not simply the production. Also, increasing the proportion of agriculture that uses sustainable, organic methods of farming is not a choice, it's a necessity. We simply can't continue to produce food far into the future without taking care of our soils, water and biodiversity."

ผลลัพธ์ (แอฟริกา) 1:

Ek is lief vir die vertaling van 'n sistematiese oorsig van meer as 100 studies vergelyk organiese en konvensionele boerdery bevind dat die opbrengs van gewasse van organiese landbou is hoër as wat voorheen gedink het. Die studie, wat deur navorsers by die Universiteit van Kalifornië, Berkeley, het ook bevind dat sekere praktyke kon. verder krimp die Produktiwiteit Gap tussen Organiese Gewasse en konvensionele boerdery.
Die studie, Online gepubliseer in die Verrigtinge van die Royal Society B, pak die voortslepende persepsie dat organiese boerdery, terwyl die aanbied van 'n omgewingsvolhoubare Alternatiewe chemies intensiewe landbou, kan nie genoeg. kos die wêreld se eetlus te bevredig.
"In terme van die vergelyking Produktiwiteit onder die twee tegnieke, hierdie vraestel stel die rekord reg op die vergelyking tussen organiese en konvensionele landbou," het senior outeur van die studie, Claire Kremen, professor van Environmental Science, Beleid en. bestuur en mede-direkteur van die Berkeley Food Instituut. "Met die globale kos behoeftes voorspel grootliks toeneem in die volgende 50 jaar, is dit van kritieke belang om meer noukeurig te kyk na organiese boerdery, want afgesien van die omgewingsimpak van industriële landbou, die vermoë van sintetiese. kunsmis om oeste is dalende verhoog ".
Die navorsers het 'n meta-analise van Studies 115 - Drie keer per dataset groter as wat voorheen gepubliseerde werk -. vergelyk Organiese en konvensionele landbou Hulle is omtrent 19,2 persent gevind dat organiese opbrengste as Laer. konvensionele Ones, 'n kleiner verskil as in vorige ramings.
Die navorsers het daarop gewys dat die beskikbare Studies vergelyk boerderymetodes is dikwels bevooroordeeld ten gunste van konvensionele landbou, so hierdie beraming van die opbrengs gaping is waarskynlik oorskat. Hulle het ook bevind dat die neem in ag metodes. wat die optimalisering van die produktiwiteit van organiese landbou kan die opbrengs gaping te verminder Hulle spesifiek uitgelig twee landbou praktyke -. multi-teelt (groeiende verskeie gewasse saam op dieselfde veld) en wisselbou - wat wesenlik organiese-tot-konvensionele opbrengs sal verminder. gaping tot 9 persent en 8 persent, onderskeidelik.
Die opbrengste ook afhanklik van die tipe gewas gegroei het, het die navorsers bevind. Daar was geen betekenisvolle verskille in Organiese en konvensionele opbrengste vir Peulgewasse, soos bone, ertjies en lensies.
"Ons studie. dui daarop dat deur toepaslike belegging in agroecological navorsing organiese bestuur te verbeter en in die teel van kultivars vir organiese boerdery stelsels, kan die opbrengs gaping verminder of selfs uitgeskakel vir sekere gewasse of gebiede, "sê hoofskrywer van die studie, Lauren Ponisio, 'n nagraadse student in. Environmental Science, Beleid en Bestuur. "Dit is veral waar as ons naboots die natuur deur die skep van ekologies diverse Plase wat belangrik ekologiese interaksies soos die stikstofbindende Voordele van tussenverbouingsprogram of Cover Opvolggewas met peulgewasse te span."
Die navorsers stel voor dat organiese boerdery kan wees. 'n baie mededingende alternatief vir Industriële landbou wanneer dit kom by Voedselproduksie.
"Dit is belangrik om te onthou dat ons huidige landbou-stelsel produseer Veel meer kos as wat nodig is om voorsiening te maak vir almal op die planeet," sê Kremen. "Die uitwissing Wêreld honger vereis die verhoging van die. toegang tot voedsel, nie net die produksie. Ook, die verhoging van die verhouding van die landbou wat volhoubare, organiese boerderymetodes gebruik is nie 'n keuse nie, dit is 'n noodsaaklikheid. Ons kan eenvoudig nie voortgaan om voedsel te produseer ver in die toekoms sonder die sorg van. ons grond, water en biodiversiteit. ".