In addition to the definition of the meaning of "word" (lexical semantics) or the "Group" or. "Sentence"
(compositional semantics), the meaning is the context of a well (Meanings that arise from language use in context), as the same sentence. You can have multiple meanings depending on the context in which it is used
first. Can you take the trash out?
meaning the (Literal meaning or compositional meaning that arises from combinatorial process) of this clause. "You took away my garbage", probably referring to the request or that may be meant to ask about physical ability. I am not like "You can take my garbage out" in the context of the speech in a room with a friend who had recently come across an accident, and I will walk hand was injured. And in that room there is a garbage bag. The speaker wanted to know. That friend of physical condition level. Enough to hold trash bags left outside the room in the clause (1) is also mean. "I took the trash out to me," If the media in the context that the speaker wants to get rid of people they do not want to see that only a sentence (sentence) one can have various meanings depending on the context in which it is used. The same sentence when talking or using in a real situation, we called each utterance. So the example above sentence in paragraph (1), we have discussed the utterance of this phrase was used in a real context. We can see Syntax (Grammaticality) of the sentence that the utterance was right or wrong, we will see that it is not appropriate to the situation (felicity) as an example, the following
two. John: Do You Want Me to Help You your Water Plants?
Mary: Can You take out the Trash?
The sentence (utterance) "Can you take the trash out?" would not fit the situation. So we could say that the
utterance of this sentence infelicitous or inappropriate. (The situation itself)
Types of Contexts
as mentioned above. The context is important to the meaning of the utterance are three kinds of contexts that are important to determine
the meaning of the utterance following
context: 1. Language (Linguistic Context)
refers to what is said or written before or after the utterance, such a sentence. Clause (1) Can you take the trash out? May be
asked to be referred to the dump, if this utterance in the context of the following languages
3. Can you take the trash out? The room needs to be cleaned.
Or
four. Needs to be cleaned the Room. Can You take out the Trash? 2. context situation (Situation. Context) Imagine If a woman with friends sitting together in a room and have a man friend. Behaving badly (without a chapter on dialogue spoken at the time), the woman may say Can you take the trash out? But in this situation it means. "I took out the trash is a bit" 3. Social Context (Social Context) means. The relationship of dialogue and the role of social dialogue (social role of the persons being Engaged in the Conversation) as the word Yes, ma'am, if the waiter say to women customers. It may want to show respect or politeness may want to talk to friends with irony (sarcasm) was appropriate context (Felicity: Appropriateness to the context), as mentioned above utterance may be inappropriate to the context. Examples of these additional Ex. John: What did You have for your breakfast? Mary: Vegetables and Fruits are good for your Health. Utterance Mary says that does not fit the context. (Infelicitous) because it does not answer the question of Jon. Students need to understand here that the utterance is appropriate or not. It depends on the context is different from the grammaticality of the sentence if the sentence is ungrammatical. Whether spoken or used in a context where it is. The conclusion is that felicity is ungrammatical utterance of the context involved, but grammaticality. As a matter of mental grammar sentence with grammar rules in the context of talking about Native people have the intuition (intuition) that the utterance or not it is appropriate to the context. Just as we know that the sentence "wrong" or "right" syntax or not (the speakers of a language know intuitively whether an utterance is felicitous or infelicitous, just as they know whether a sentence is grammatical or ungrammatical) we have grammar rules. Who can say that sentence is grammatically wrong, however, as we have a rule that utterance fits or does not fit the context. Such a rule is a rule of the conversation itself (Rules of conversation) Rules of Conversation principle that people tend to follow a conversation in a chat so well run it. Often known as the philosopher of the Cooperative Principle is named HP Grice was proposed, which is the principle of cooperation of the other party to the communication. The discussion of such principles must follow the rules in the conversation. A known that Grice's. If not, follow the maxims These maxims (rules for behaviors), it will cause improper (infelicity) of the said sentence (utterance) and may be said. Chat with him no respect. The principle of cooperation to achieve communication (the Cooperative Principle) and make conversation or communication is not possible (The violation of one of maxims can cause the communication to break down.) The rules of Grice has all four. The following rules first. Maxim of Quality (rules of quality) with the following two broad one. a. Do not Say what You Believe to be false. B. Do not Say that for which You Lack adequate Evidence. In (1a) is that you must not lie there and (1b), meaning if there is evidence enough. What they do not mention (1b), this depends on the context (relative to the context) the amount of evidence is not necessarily the same in all situations. Depending on who you speak to anyone in this context as well that I could tell. "Tio vegetable treat strep throat" From my own experience, but if the scientists say such sentences in medical conferences using evidence from personal experience. But it would not have to try to collect information in a systematic, scientific process 2. Maxim of Relevance (rule of the transaction), to say nothing of the conversation was about (say what is relevant to the discourse), this law would not be difficult to understand, if someone asks. "When you eat," but we replied. "Vegetables has health benefits," the answer is no relation to the question 3. Maxim of Quantity (the rule of) consists of two sub-questions: 3. a. the information they need, no more, no less (Make your contribution as informative as is required) B. Do not give more information than necessary (Do not make your contribution more informative than is required) Examples of the questions. (3a) Ex. Jon: What time tomorrow we will have a meeting Mary: Afternoon noted that the answer to the "Afternoon" is unlikely to be sufficient because "the show" does not.
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