1. pollutant particles (Particuates) refers to particles of particulate pollutant
substances present in the air in solid or liquid at room temperature and normal pressure. Except water vapor in the air These particles may range from 200 microns down to 0.1 microns floating in the air for a long time until it combines with
other particles. Grow in size and fall to the ground, including
1.1 Smoke (Smoke) into small particles. Caused by burning the imperfections of compounds
with carbon such as oil, coal, wood, etc.
components of smoke include carbon (C), ash (Ash) and tar (tar) substances such as ash
and charcoal to smoke. onyx White smoke is caused by evaporation of oil. Before burning may be contaminated with water vapor. The smoke that is released from the tailpipe. May have carbon dioxide Sulfur dioxide Carbon monoxide gas or
the other, depending on the type of fuel
1.2 aerosol (Aerosol) are solid particles or liquid dispersed in the air and
float in the air for a long time, such as water mist, smog, etc.
1.3 Dust (Dust. ) as solid particles ranging in size from 0.1 to 200 microns may float in the
air for a moment. Depending on the size of dust Smaller dust dispersed and
suspended in the air longer than the size of more than
1.4 Fog (Fog) is a small water droplets floating near the ground. In climates where
there is a 100% relative humidity
vapors 1.5 (Vapours) refers to a substance in the form of gas. This is usually in
liquid or solid at room temperature and normal pressure. Examples of vapor Including
chlorine, formaldehyde, acetone, benzene, ammonia, sulfur dioxide gas, gasoline. carbon dioxide Etc. 2. toxic gas The pollutant particles in the air, there are certain types of gas and polluting substances in the air, to 2.1 carbon monoxide. It is colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is poisonous gas. Resulting from incomplete combustion of carbon compounds. A gas that causes no air pollution. Found that cities and congested industrial area. Carbon monoxide does not appear to be toxic to plants. Or damage to buildings It is highly toxic to humans and animals. The human body has no immunity Or protective gas when the gas is absorbed into the body. Through respiratory Sign blood CO combines with hemoglobin bill in cells as carbon single hemoglobin flight makes O2 can not be included with the hemoglobin has caused a lack of O2 in the blood can cause nausea, dizziness. Dizzy sight Plaza is breathing faster than normal. If you have plenty of gas. And heart disease may be fatal standard that does not harm people generally do not exceed 50 mg / cubic meter in one hour and due to CO feature combines with the hemoglobin than O2 to 200-450 times. It is to be careful of CO poisoning are extremely 2.2. Sulfur dioxide It is a colorless gas There acid odor is mainly caused by the activities of humans. Mostly caused by the burning of fossil fuels (Fossol Fuels), such as oil and coal, which has a sulfur source is industrial SO2 emissions. Power plants that use coal or oil as fuel is estimated that SO2 is emitted into the environment more than 5 million tons / year also industry , some industries such as smelting, lead, zinc, iron ore, the main lead is Galena is. PbS is an important component The zinc smelters in the form of ZnS on SO2 emissions will be released into the atmosphere always. If the weather is humid SO2 combines with H2O as H2SO3 and can be oxidized to a H2SO4 and catch the dust falling to the ground with rain water with a pH less than 7 is called acid rain (Acid. rain), which generally has a pH between acid rain will be more than 2.1 to 5.0, acid rain, damaging the building is bordered by Connecticut scream that cause decay easily. And also harm plants As a result, the soil more acidic. When humans inhale SO2 into the respiratory system. Moisture can cause respiratory H2SO4 harm the respiratory system such as SO2 is more toxic to humans. If the particle with a catalyst such as sodium chloride reaction of vanadium, manganese, iron, etc. However, SO2 will increase the toxicity of the environment. If nitrogen oxides And other particles (Particulates) coexist with such Smog occurs frequently in London in winter since 1950-1960 that caused major pollutants of oxides of sulfur and Particulates from coal use. For fuel-fired heater in the home and industrial smog, which means the smoke + fog is a phenomenon that has haze covered the city. The damage to the building architecture made of cement. And is harmful to the respiratory system of humans and even death was 2.3. Oxides of nitrogen, nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide. Or laughing gas (N2O) or nitric oxide, a gas that is colorless, odorless and nitrogen dioxide brown. Smells like chlorine Can be caused by nature, such as lightning, lightning, volcanic eruptions. The reaction of soil microorganisms Human activities do include such gases. The burning of the fuel assemblies in industries such as metal plating making nitric acid, sulfuric acid and explosives. The engine used in the factory with the combustion at temperatures above 550 degrees cell euthanasia gas NO in the air will be oxidized by O2 or O3 becomes NO2, which dissolve well as nitric acid (HNO3). Acid rain also made the same case of SO2 NO in air usually is not toxic to humans. Unless it is changed to NO2 respiratory system irritation. Health hazards Or even death If the concentration is more than 1000 ppm NO is also an important element of the birth. Photochemical smog as Los Angeles in the summer of 1940, a phenomenon caused by reactions between hydrocarbons. And oxides of nitrogen The sun is a catalyst because NO when sunlight combines with NO2 and O2 is lit when the sun began to disintegrate as NO2 and NO one race oxygen radical. Which is sensitive to reunite with Hydro Park.
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