Androgenic and anti-androgenic effe

Androgenic and anti-androgenic effects
Comparatively, androgenic and anti-androgenic ef- fects have not been well documented as the estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects. As a result ofthis, the con- sequences offish exposure to environmental androgens and/or anti-androgens are not very well understood. Some contributing factors to this unfortunate situation are the poor understanding ofthe male reproductive organ and role(s) androgens play in fish sexual matu- ration, reproduction and development. However, sev- eral studies have reported the masculinization of female poeciliids (mosquitofish) from streams recipient of kraft mill effluents (KME; Davis and Bortone, 1992; Drysdale and Bortone, 1989; Bortone et a!., 1989). The masculi- nization features include the development of modified anal fin (gonopodium) on pregnant females. The devel-opment ofgonopodium was concomitant with male
mating behaviour, hermaphroditic condition (vitello- genic oocytes and cysts ofspermatids and spermatozoa). The consequences ofmasculinization to individual fish is not known, since masculinization does not continue after removal from KME. At early stages, masculinized females gave birth to non-masculinized viable offspring in the aquaria.

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

Anti-androgenic and androgenic effects
comparatively, Anti-androgenic and androgenic eF fects Have Not been documented Well As The Anti-estrogenic and estrogenic effects. As a result ofthis, the con- sequences offish exposure to environmental androgens and / or anti-androgens are not very well understood. Some contributing factors to this unfortunate situation are the poor understanding ofthe male reproductive organ and role (s) androgens play in fish sexual matu- ration, reproduction and development. However, sev- eral studies have reported the masculinization of female poeciliids (mosquitofish) from streams recipient of kraft mill effluents (KME; Davis and Bortone, 1992; Drysdale and Bortone, 1989; Bortone et a!., 1989). The masculi- nization features include the development of modified anal fin (gonopodium) on pregnant females. The Devel-opment Ofgonopodium was concomitant with male.
mating behavior, Hermaphroditic condition (Vitello- Genic and cysts Ofspermatids oocytes and spermatozoa). The consequences ofmasculinization to individual fish is not known, since masculinization does not continue after removal from KME. At early stages, masculinized females gave birth to non-masculinized viable offspring in the aquaria.