After signing a peace accord in 1994, joint projects were initiated between Israel andJordan aimed at enhancing environmental protection and resource management. Thispaper discusses the Red Sea Dead Sea Canal, the Eilat-Aqaba Municipal Cooperationinitiative, the Joint Oil Spill Contingency Plan and the Red Sea Marine Peace Park(RSMPP). The latter is an exemplar of transboundary cooperation for planning of amarine protected area and therefore the main case study. Although the RSMPPnever fully materialized, analysis of what transpired provides important lessons. Weexamine what happened in the 20 years since the attempt to establish the RSMPPbegan and focus on which of its goals were achieved. As a basis for analysis thispaper presents factors identified as significant to the success of transboundaryprotected areas (TBPAs) and uses them to compare the RSMPP to the three otherinitiatives. In addition to factors reported in the literature that are known to beeffective for TBPA success, we found two new factors as most relevant for theRSMPP case: a peripheral geographic location and intensive work amongprofessionals, mostly marine scientists, on the ground with low profile and limitedpublic attention.
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