Objective:Air pollution contains ma

O
bjective
:
Air pollution contains many toxicants known to affect neurological function and to
have effects on the fetus
in
utero
. Recent studies have reported associations between perinatal expo
-
sure to air pollutants and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. We tested the hypothesis
that perinatal exposure to air pollutants is associated with ASD, focusing on pollutants associated
with ASD in prior studies.
M
eth
O
ds
:
We estimated associations between U.S. Environmental Protection Agency–
modeled
levels of hazardous air pollutants at the time and place of birth and ASD in the children of par
-
ticipants in the Nurses’ Health Study II (325 cases, 22,101 controls). Our analyses focused on
pollutants associated with ASD in prior research. We accounted for possible confounding and ascer
-
tainment bias by adjusting for family-level socioeconomic status (maternal grandparents’ education)
and census tract–level socioeconomic measures (e.g., tract median income and percent college edu
-
cated), as well as maternal age at birth and year of birth. We also examined possible differences in
the relationship between ASD and pollutant exposures by child’s sex.
R
esults
:
Perinatal exposures to the highest versus lowest quintile of diesel, lead, manganese, mer
-
cury, methylene chloride, and an overall measure of metals were significantly associated with ASD,
with odds ratios ranging from 1.5 (for overall metals measure) to 2.0 (for diesel and mercury). In
addition, linear trends were positive and statistically significant for these exposures (
p
<
.05 for
each). For most pollutants, associations were stronger for boys (279 cases) than for girls (46 cases)
and significantly different according to sex.
c
O
nclusi
O
ns
:
Perinatal exposure to air pollutants may increase risk for ASD. Additionally, future
studies should consider sex-specific biological pathways connecting perinatal exposure to pollutants
with ASD

ผลลัพธ์ (อังกฤษ) 2:

O
bjective
:
Air Pollution Known to affect neurological function contains MANY toxicants and to
have effects on the fetus
in
utero
. Studies have reported recent Associations between perinatal Expo
-
Autism Spectrum Disorder and sure to Air pollutants (ASD) in children. We tested the hypothesis
that perinatal exposure to Air pollutants is associated with ASD, focusing on pollutants associated
with ASD in prior Studies.
M
ETH
O
DS
:
US Environmental Protection Agency- We estimated Associations between
modeled
levels of hazardous pollutants Air at the time and Place. and the birth of ASD in children of PAR
-
Ticipants in the Nurses' Health Study II (325 Cases, 22 101 Controls). Our analyzes focused on
pollutants associated with ASD in prior Research. We accounted for possible confounding and Ascer
-
tainment bias by adjusting for Family-level socioeconomic Status (maternal grandparents' Education)
and Census Tract-level socioeconomic measures (eg, Tract Median income and PERCENT College EDU
-
cated), as well as maternal Age. at birth and year of birth. We also examined possible differences in
the Relationship between ASD and POLLUTANT exposures by Child's sex.
R
esults
:
Perinatal exposures to the highest Versus lowest quintile of Diesel, Lead, manganese, Mer
-
Cury, methylene chloride, and an overall measure of Metals were significantly. associated with ASD,
with Odds ratios ranging from 1.5 (for overall Metals measure) to 2.0 (for Diesel and Mercury). In
addition, positive and statistically significant linear Trends were for these exposures (
P
<
.05 for
each). Most pollutants for, Stronger Associations were for Boys (279 Cases) than for girls (46 Cases)
and significantly different according to sex.
C
O
Nclusi
O
ns
:
Perinatal exposure to pollutants Air May increase risk for ASD. Additionally, Future
Studies should consider sex-specific Biological pathways connecting perinatal exposure to pollutants
with ASD.