Chapter 11Depreciation and value to disappearDepreciation (Depreciation Expenses) Depreciation is the amount that the value of the fixed asset values stemming from the use of fixed assets, as described in Chapter 1, it's age, assets fixed assets exceeding 1 year but actually spent on fixed assets that it has not expired, but the value of the fixed asset that is left unchanged. This is because the fixed asset values by using it. That the fixed asset values in each year until expiry of the usage of the fixed assets depreciation of fixed assets that is, in each year, the depreciation expense is considered to be self-employed. Business will have to make adjustments to account for the depreciation ending date, all of the acts. This is because fixed assets value will be adjusted to match the reality on which all types of fixed assets shall be depreciated, with the exception of the land.In the adjustment for depreciation on this fixed asset To save the account by debit, credit and depreciation accumulated depreciation, which is improving the value of the fixed asset to match reality. By that account, this account is accumulated depreciation an asset category that are outstanding on the credit. In order to improve the value of fixed assets to match the realities themselves. The net fixed assets, the fixed asset is equal to the cost price less accumulated depreciation, the amount of accumulated depreciation is increased each year to keep the amount of net fixed assets decreased every year, which is based on the fact.Depreciation. How to depreciate a lot thinking in different ways, but no matter which method is used, it will need to know the following information: Cost price of fixed assets (Cost of Assets) is the total cost undertaking paid to the acquisition of the fixed asset in the State that are ready to be used, so the acquisition price shall comprise the purchase price, and other expenses to make the asset is in ready to use, such as freight, installation, etc. The estimated lifetime (Estimated Life) is the duration of the joint venture, estimated that the fixed asset is used. Salvage value (Salvage Value) is the amount expected to be received from the sale of the asset when expired.To save the account. Debit depreciation-asset name xxx Credit accumulated depreciation-assets: name xxxDepreciation expense is considered to be of a non-financial undertaking, because when it comes to acquisitions, joint venture with high prices and has been used for many years if it is to save the entire amount as an expense at all, it will result in higher expenses. In the year of acquisition Best next year, there will be no expenses at all, even if they are to take advantage of that asset and therefore requires an average annual amount of expenses that will take advantage of that asset. The accumulated depreciation account is an asset category, but as a popular reduction of the assets, because when it comes to business acquisition will be saved as an asset, but this asset is used, values. Therefore, every end of the year and thus save depreciation. How to calculate the depreciation.1. method of straight lines (Straight-line Method)2. working hours method (Working-hours method)3. how to calculate upon output (Productive-output method)4. How is reduced every year (Reducing-charge method) Declining balance method a. ข. Double-declining balance method Sum of years ' digits c. method5.Group depreciation6. Composite depreciation7. by other methods.1. method of straight lines (Straight-line Method) Depreciation according to the method set on the assumption that the assets will deteriorate over time in accordance with the usage and the deterioration in the rate of deterioration is the same every year, so therefore the same depreciation every year based on the rate of degeneration. This method is very popular because it is a simple and easy way. Depreciated according to the straight-line method to allocate the value of the asset is depreciated the same every year throughout the service life of the asset. Which depreciation each year will be calculated as follows: Depreciation/year = asset value-scrap prices (if any). Lifetime Or depreciation/year = (value of assets-the salvage price (if any)) x. Depreciation rateWhen calculating depreciation, which is considered to be an expense incurred in the current accounting period. Gross saving accounts as follows: Debit depreciation-asset name xxx Credit accumulated depreciation-assets: name xxx1. sample acquisition cost January 1, 1998, price 120000 baht machine about 5 years lifetime salvage sales price 20000 Thai baht.The annual depreciation = 120000-20000 5 years. = 20000 Thai baht.To save the account.Dec 31Dr. depreciation-machinery-20000 Cr. accumulated depreciation-machinery-20000 ปรับปรุงค่าเสื่อมราคาเครื่องจักร 2. วิธีชั่วโมงการทำงาน ( Working-hours method) การคำนวณค่าเสื่อมราคาตามวิธีนี้จะเฉลี่ยต้นทุนขิงสินทรัพย์ ตามชั่วโมงทำงาน ที่กิจกรจะได้รับผลประโยชน์จากสินทรัพย์นั้น ดังนั้นค่าเสื่อมราคาแต่ละปีจะมีจำนวนไม่เท่ากัน เพราะอยู่กับชั่วโมงการทำงานของสินทรัพย์ในแต่ละปี ว่าใช้ชั่วโมงการทำงานมากหรือน้อย ดังนี้1. อัตราค่าเสื่อมราคาต่อชั่วโมง = ราคาทุน-ราคาซาก ประมาณชั่วโมงการทำงาน2. ค่าเสื่อมราคาต่อปี = อัตราค่าเสื่อมราคาต่อชั่วโมง×จำนวนชั่วโมงการทำงานในแต่ละปีตัวอย่างที่ 2 จากโจทย์ที่ 1 สมมติว่าเครื่องจักรประมาณว่าจะใช้งานได้ 50,000 ชั่วโมง และกิจการเดินเครื่องจักรในแต่ละปี ดังนี้ปี 2541 10,000 ชั่วโมงปี 2542 25,000 ชั่วโมงการคำนวณ1. อัตราค่าเสื่อมราคาต่อชั่วโมง = 120,000-20,000 50,000 = 2 บาท2. ค่าเสื่อมราคาแต่ละปีปี 2541 = 2×10,000 = 20,000 บาทปี 2542 = 2×25,000 = 50,000 บาทการบันทึกบัญชีปี 2541ธ.ค 31 Dr. ค่าเสื่อมราคา-เครื่องจักร 20,000 Cr. ค่าเสื่อมราคาสะสม-เครื่องจักร 20,000 ปรับปรุงค่าเสื่อมราคาเครื่องจักรปี 2542ธ.ค 31 Dr. ค่าเสื่อมราคา-เครื่องจักร 50,000Cr. ค่าเสื่อมราคาสะสม-เครื่องจักร 50,000ปรับปรุงค่าเสื่อมราคา
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